Running head Iliad and Medea an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

Running head: Iliad and Medea Pride is known to be a double-edged concept, it could be either good or bad for us. The former is something that one should uphold, while the former is just a glorified form of stubbornness. There are people who should take pride in the way they are living, and there are people who should swallow their pride. Although pride is a common term, it has remained an abstraction and definitions seem to lack full grasp of the concept. Fortunately, humanity was endowed with the gift of mythology. Mythologies are fabled to posses the capability to tell us about our humanity. The texts at hand, Homer's "Iliad" and Euripides' "Medea," both have protagonists oozing with pride. And since they are considered heroes, they are expected to step-up a notch from the average. Both the protagonist of Iliad and Medea had exemplified pride in its most highest form, personal honor. Need essay sample on "Running head: Iliad and Medea" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Frequently Tell EssayLab specialists: How much do I have to pay someone to write my essay in time? Essay writers recommend: If You Think About Someone To Write Your Paper - Essaylab The Right Place! Both the plots of Iliad and Medea centers on the theme of pride. Moreover, both epics have protagonists that prioritizes personal honor. Achilles is probably the greatest warrior known in literary history. It shows in his characterization that he savors his gained reputation, he takes pride in it. One of the most rousing points of Iliad was when Achilles realizes the immense glory that he would gain if he would set forth and conquer troy (Lines 410-415). Achilles also took pride in his impressive collection of highly-prized items like the wheel of Hebe's chariot, the house of Hephaistos, the house of Poseidon, the scepter of Agamemnon, and even the throne of Zeus. It would require tremendous willpower to remain humble when one has such possessions. During the initial part of the story, Achilles had shown his pride when he denied participation in the war, a war that he did not start in the first place. But Achilles' personal honor had only shone when Patroclus was slain by Hector. Achilles had been pushed to fight for something more valuable than his reputation. At first glance it would seem that Achilles was fighting with the motivation of blind vengeance. What readers may overlook is that he was fighting for the honor of his fallen friend. This exhibition of honor is probably the most commendable of all the heroic acts of Achilles. It was almost a selfless act and yet both his own and his friend's honor were upheld. Of course the other characters of Iliad also exemplified overflowing pride. Paris shown much pride in his abduction of Helen which ignited the war. He wanted a beautiful woman from high society, a woman with a face (and reputation) to launch a thousand ships (320). The excessive pride of Paris had led him to snatch a wife of another man even though he is aware that his actions would cause a bloody war with thousands of deaths. Both the Greeks and the Trojans both defended their honor by besting each other in the battlefield. It is notable that even though the Greeks had launched a thousand ships and the Trojans also had an impressive fleet, no battle at the sea was mentioned in the text. This shows an admirable display of honor by the Greeks, because even though they have the advantage at the sea, they did not took the easy way out. In other words, the Greeks did not dishonored themselves as brave warriors. Instead they had fought in melee combat, man-to-man, to uphold the infamous Greek honor. As for Euripides' Medea, personal honor was expressed through the voice of a woman. Medea was unmistakably a woman of immense pride. She wanted a man with an admirable reputation and capability to achieve the extraordinary. It was a requirement for her marriage that Jason would first have to acquire the Golden Fleece, which demands undergoing life-threatening ordeals (Line 480). Medea's husband, Jason, was also a man of great honor. However, Jason did not honor his marriage with Medea, a seen on the latter portion of the narrative. By having another wife, Jason could have intended to feed the fire of his pride with a more combustible fuel: a new younger and likely a more attractive wife. This betrayal was the pivotal act for the protagonist. Medea had given up everything, including herself and her family, just to be married to Jason. She helped Jason overcome the ordeals of acquiring the Golden Fleece, even at the expense of her own pride and honor. Medea could have inherited the trait of prioritizing honor from her own father. During Jason's tale, the hero had to escape from Medea's father. To buy Jason time to escape, Medea killed her own brother and scattered the body around the island. She was aware that her father valued honor, that he would prioritize the recovery of her brothers body than search for Jason. When Medea learned of of Jason's betrayal, she gave us a hint as to what is running at the back of her mind "my husband is chief of villains... I am dishonored" (690-696). Even supporting characters, like the Nurse, had shown they even the non-royalty could be honorable. When she and the attendant learned of what befell their master. She took honor in being a loyal servant by remaining silent to not worsen the already troublesome situation, "I'll keep silence, if need be, on all" (66). The Nurse was almost constantly present at Medea's side to supress her masters depression and later on her fury. The Nurse seemed to be a person who is very knowledgeable about pride. She was certain of what would transpire after Jason's betrayal when she said "when one is stirred to his wrath / Dowers greater curse on the house" (130). Achilles and Medea had a similar approach to recovering one's lost honor. Both of them was furious with vengeance, which could also be treated as recovery of one's lost honor through stripping the trespassers with theirs. Achilles took the "eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" approach. When he had slain Hector, he tied the corpse to the back of his chariot. And as a way of expressing his wrath, he dragged the dead body all the way back to camp and defiled his body for days. As if he was still unable to honor the death of his fallen comrade. His immense pride was not satisfied by taking away Hector's honor and the honor of all of Troy. He wanted to humiliate Hector even in the afterlife. Being desperate, king Priam fetched his dead son's body, as if with the thinking that if he could retrieved his son's body, somehow he had regained Hector's honor. On the other hand, Medea conjured a plan for revenge that even crime fiction writers of today would envy. Medea had sent Glauce a poisoned garment and a coronet. Glauce could have thought that she could take pride in wearing such a beautiful dress and a valuable piece of jewelry. She was not aware that her own vanity would lead to her own death. On a personal interpretation, it was like saying "here is my shame that shrouds my once glorious honor, wear it for me, take it away to Hades along with my infidel husband. After that she stabbed to death hers and Jason's two sons. She was aware that sons are their father's pride. She learned this from her father during Jason's tale. These classic Greek texts had shown that they are truly a thinking civilization. Both the "Iliad" and "Medea" had exemplified the Greeks rich understanding of pride and honor. As opposed to contemporary notions of pride that it is something purely sinful, the Greeks recognized that pride was the source of both glory and shame. During the climactic portion of "Iliad," Achilles wanted nothing more but to uphold his fallen comrade's honor by killing the perpetuator. He subjected himself to the clash of hundred of swords and a storm of uncountable arrows. Even though he exuded fighting prowess no mortal ever shown, the gods favored his enemies, he died for he was still a mere mortal. On the other hand, Medea was a woman of power, both literally and figuratively. Her pride had shone during the times when she was stripped of her honor as a wife. For both Homer and Euripides, honor is something to be treasured as something valuable as the golden fleece. As seen in the epics, the lack of honor resulted to the immediate fall of the supporting characters. Through the lives lead by the protagonists, we see that that pride is recognized as a necessary element for greatness. However, it is also the spark that sets the soul on fire with corruption. The Greeks knew that personal honor was a heroic trait. But if one's honor is stepped upon, the trespassers should be ready for a war. Both the authors expressed that the only way to recover lost honor is at the expense of the honor of their adversaries. References Euripides. (1950). Medea. ON: Penguin Group Homer. (2007). The Iliad. NJ: Princeton University Press

A Complete Fall Color and Autumn Leaf Viewing Guide

A Complete Fall Color and Autumn Leaf Viewing Guide One of natures grandest color displays - the autumn tree leaf color change - will develop as early as mid-September in the northern latitudes of North America. This annual autumn tree leaf change will manifest itself in living fall color through most of October, then wane toward the end of November in the southern part of the United States. You will have at least two months of quality autumn leaf viewing somewhere in North America. The best part about viewing the fall color is, it wont cost one red cent to enjoy - that is if you are lucky enough to live in or near a deciduous forest or have trees in your yard that express fall color. All others better get ready to pay for the experience. City escapees spend over one billion dollars each season taking in what many consider the splashiest show in nature. Autumn leaf viewing is a major vacation attraction - especially throughout New England, the central Northwoods and the Appalachian Mountains of the Eastern United States.  No forestry site would be complete without some mention of the October tree viewing pilgrimage - and how people can better enjoy viewing the autumn foliage. This quick leaf-viewing reference includes some basic tree leaf science and leaf viewing tips, along with enough information to enhance your next autumn leaf viewing trip. Use this guide as a starting point for your next leaf-viewing vacation. Starting Tips for Viewing Leaves Review the most beautiful trees naturally on display during fall leaf viewing season.Review these leaf silhouettes of common tree species.Get a recommended field guide to enhance the trip.Learn how to organize, build and display an autumn leaf collection.Use this field guide and key  to identify an autumn leaf by tree species. The Science of Leaf Change Fall leaf color change starts very subtly late in September and early October in temperate North America. Trees respond to such factors as autumn drying conditions, temperature change, altered sun position, and light. It takes approximately two weeks to begin and complete the fall color change so timing and a little luck are essential for the perfect view. Fall color change and flow take place as three primary waves in mixed hardwood forests. A simple flow and wave model was designed at the University of Georgia to illustrate what leaf experts call the fall color wave.   Autumn Leaf Color Change, The Anatomy of a Fall Leaf The major factor influencing autumn leaf color change is the lack of water. Not a lack of water to the entire tree, but a purposeful weaning of water from each leaf. Every leaf is affected by colder, drier, and breezy conditions and begins a process which results in its own demise and removal from the tree. The ultimate sacrifice of a leaf-bearing tree is the ultimate in visual pleasure for us. The broadleaf tree goes through a process of sealing off the leaves from the stem (called abscission). This halts the flow of all internal water to the leaf and causes a color change. It also seals the spot of leaf attachment and prevents precious moisture from escaping during winter dormancy. Fall Leaf Color Change Follows a Predictable Process of Chemical Leaf Change This lack of water to each leaf causes a very important chemical reaction to stop.  Photosynthesis, or the food-producing combination of sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, is eliminated. Chlorophyll must be renewed (by photosynthesis) or be taken in by the tree along with photosynthetic sugar. Thus chlorophyll disappears from the leaves. Chlorophyll is the green you see in the leaf. Once the overwhelming chlorophyll color is removed, true leaf colors will dominate over the receding green pigment. True leaf pigments vary with the species of tree and thus the different characteristic leaf colors. And because true leaf colors are water-soluble, that makes the color disappear very quickly after drying out. Carotene (the pigment found in carrots and corn) causes maples, birches, and poplars to turn yellow. The brilliant reds and oranges in this fall landscape are due to  anthocyanins. Tannins give the oak a distinctively brown color and are the final persistent color most leaves turn before becoming part of the forest floor.   The  Virginia Tech Dendrology  department has two fascinating time-lapse films, one on a leaf turning color and one on a forest turning into autumn gold.   Viewing the Autumn Leaves University of Georgia silvics professor, Dr. Kim Coder, suggests there are ways you can predict how  beautiful a fall leaf color display will be. These simple predictors use known information and apply some common sense to forecast a season with surprising accuracy. By reviewing Dr. Coders key predictors, you will increase your chances of seeing the best leaves at just the right time.   TheFall Color Hotline Probably one of the best resources available online for leaf viewing information is the National Forest Fall Foliage Hotline, though you shouldnt expect to find up to date information until late September of the current leaf season. This federal phone hotline offers you information on viewing leaves in and around the U.S. National Forests and Parks. It is brought to you by the USDA Forest Service and is updated every year to reflect changing conditions and new sites.

IS Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IS Security - Essay Example Therefore, manufacturers have come up with security systems that protect the operating system and application from attackers, but this system do not ensure 100 percent security guarantee. However, those produced for operating system are proving more effective than those developed for application due to various factors addressed in this paper. This has made most people come to a conclusion that there is less attention to applications compared to the operating system, which is not the case. Why a good level of security is achieved in operating systems than applications The frequent patching and updating of operating system limits the chances of attackers from attacking the system. On the contrary, it appears that operating systems get more attention than applications. This section provides information on why there is a perception that operating systems have higher levels of security than applications. ... On2 the same note, other types of threats that should be considered are interceptions, modification, fabrication and interruptions, which are similar to the threats experienced in computer applications.2 Applications run on the operating systems. Therefore, it is easy for an attacker to use the application file or vulnerability to attack the operating system either through one application or by infecting other applications. This enables the user or system administrator to detect the attack before affecting the operating system, hence the misconception that security threats are more prevalent in applications than operating systems. One difference between operating system security issue and application is file permissions. An example of this is when an application misunderstands the semantics of an operating system file or totally omits a check. This problem does not occur in operating systems; this stems from the fact that any attempt to open a given file will prompt a permission chec k as the file permissions link to individual files.2 On the other hand, some operating systems mechanisms result to complex security issues for the applications used today. Operating systems are not flexible in offering support, resulting to a compromised security issue. An example of such operating system is that of UNIX, which violates some privileges by only supporting a two level privilege that includes root and user. To limit these 3limitations, it introduces â€Å"set user id†, â€Å"set group id† and â€Å"chroot (2)† that are particularly limiting and inadequate. These applications aim to become responsible for granting permissions, accepting requests, and managing resources, which

Risk Analysis Look Magazine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Risk Analysis Look Magazine - Research Paper Example A risk can be termed as the possibility of losing something of value or an uncertainty that hinder normal operation. This project aims at focusing on the various risks facing the Look Magazine and how they can be mitigated. The Look Magazine has the challenge of sourcing funds through sponsorship. Organizing a fashion show is an expensive undertaking that requires enormous resources and funds. The Look Magazine is not certain about getting sponsors to fund the entire undertaking. Lack of sponsors might result in finance problems, and this might paralyze the effective execution of the undertaking. The Magazine face stiff competition from other established brands such as Grazia, Glamour and Cosmopolitan. For this reason, vigorous advertisement and various promotional strategies have to be done to ensure that the Look Magazine does not exit the market (Mather, 2013). Therefore, lack of sponsors may hinder the Magazine from holding a glamorous fashion show. Launching the new app for the magazine is not a cheap venture. The magazine requires enormous funds for it to develop a unique App that is different from those of its competitors. In this regard, the magazine faces the risk of sourcing funds to launch the App. In addition, the Look Magazine faces the risk of technical problems since the existing staff is not well acquainted to the new App. Generally, launching the new App is not a smooth process and therefore several risks are anticipated to take place. Competitor magazines such as the Grazia, Glamour and Cosmopolitan have established various marketing strategies that are tailored to win more customer. The three main competitors (Grazia, Glamour and Cosmopolitan) may choose to organize fashion shows as well. If the competing magazines organize a similar event, the Look Magazine is at risk of losing some of its existing customers if effective measures are not taken on time. Competitors pose a challenge to any business and therefore firms should

Peer Reviewed Articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Peer Reviewed Articles - Essay Example it of exhibiting bureaucratic element who are underpinned on the planning budget of every financial year, controlling and organizing the institution management board. The dichotomy between the two has been backed by theories related to management that are consistent with scientific management proposed by Fredric Taylor. Jointly the finding has a revelation that present time is not getting updated information on 21st century. Abraham Carmeli, Roy Gelbar &Roni Reiter-Palmon. Leadership, Creative Problem-Solving Capacity, and Creative Performance. Human Resource management 2013, Vol. 52, No. 1. Pp. 95–122Â © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The article Leadership, Creative Problem-Solving Capacity, and Creative Performance: The Importance of Knowledge Sharing was written by Abraham Carmeli in collaboration with Roy Gelbard and Roni Reiter-Palmon who presented a dyad of studies. They examined the possibility of leaders that are supportive of their behavior to enhance knowledge sharing and the employee creative problem solving capacity could have an influence on enhancing creative performance. The two reviewed studies had a revelation that leadership with habitual supportive behavior is directly and indirectly related, however, both internal and external knowledge sharing to creative problem solving capacity. It was observed that creative problem solving was related was related to a duo dimension of creative performance that is fluency and originality. In overall, the finding highlighted the complexity of the process by which leaders facilitate both internal and external knowledge sharing and employee creative problem so lving in order to increase the employee performance. The reliability of the two article was determined by examining the authors. They were experts in the field of the authorship presented. Secondly, the article was reviewed by other authors in the same field before the article was published. This makes the article reliable (Weller, 2001). Two criteria

How to Introduce a Speaker Essay Example for Free

How to Introduce a Speaker Essay Speech introductions are often an afterthought, hastily thrown together at the last second by someone with little knowledge of the speaker, their speech, or the value for the audience. And yet, speech introductions are critical to the success of a speech. While a strong speech opening is vital, nothing helps establish a speaker’s credibility more than a carefully-crafted and well-delivered introduction. This article gives you a series of practical tips for how to introduce a speaker to position them with the best possible chance to succeed. 1. Answer three core questions. When you are introducing a speaker, your primary goal is to prepare the audience and get them excited for what they are about to hear. To do this, you must answer these three core questions: * What is the topic? * Why is this topic important for this audience? * Why is the speaker qualified to deliver this talk? By addressing these three questions, you’ve given the audience a motivation for listening (the topic is important to them), and you’ve reinforced the speaker’s credibility. 2. Prepare and practice adequately. â€Å"While a strong speech opening is vital, nothing helps establish a speaker’s credibility more than a carefully-crafted and well-delivered introduction.† At all costs, avoid thoughts such as â€Å"Oh, I don’t need to prepare†¦ I’m just introducing a speaker.† Thoughts like that lead to stumbling, bumbling, off-the-cuff introductions which undermine your credibility and the credibility of the speaker. You should write out (and edit) the full introduction, check it with the speaker, and practice it several times. 3. Memorize it, or minimize your notes. Try to memorize the introduction; speaking without notes will add to your authority, and the audience will put more weight in your recommendation (that is, to listen to this speaker). If you are unable to memorize the entire introduction, then use as few notes as you can. Be sure you can you deliver the last sentence of your introduction without notes as this will maximize momentum for the speaker. 4. be positive and enthusiastic. The audience takes cues from you. If you seem disinterested, they will be disinterested. If you are (genuinely) positive and enthusiastic, they will be too. Your choice of words, voice, gestures, and facial expressions should all convey enthusiasm. So, how do you ensure you are enthusiastic? 5. Get to know the speaker. It is difficult to get the audience excited about the speaker if you aren’t excited yourself. If the speaker is previously unknown to you — for example, suppose you’ve volunteered to introduce speakers at a large industry event — your introduction may lack sincerity. So, get to know the speaker. Google them. Talk with them. Ask others about them. Research the speaker and their expertise until you are excited by the opportunity to introduce them. 6. Eliminate mispronunciations. A sure way to weaken your own credibility and that of the speaker is to mispronounce their name, the title of their presentation, or any other key terms. Luckily, this is easily avoided through practice and by confirming the correct pronunciation with the speaker well before the presentation. (Don’t wait until you are delivering the introduction to ask them — this looks amateurish.) â€Å"A sure way to undermine your own credibility and that of the speaker is to mispronounce their name, the title of their presentation, or any other key terms.† 7. be accurate. Being accurate is as important as correct pronunciation, perhaps more so. Make sure you know the precise years, facts, or details. If you make factual errors, many speakers will feel an irresistible compulsion to correct you. This is a lousy way for them to begin their speech, and will almost certainly kill their momentum. 8. Don’t alter the speech title. Many speakers craft their presentation title very carefully, and the words matter to them. The title may be a phrase they want the audience to remember, it may reflect language used on accompanying slides, or it may be a humorous play on words. Don’t change it under any circumstances. (And, of course, know how to pronounce it.) 9. Should you attempt humor? In most circumstances, no. Your objective is to get the audience excited about the topic and the speaker, and this is not the time to tell humorous anecdotes about the speaker. Save those for a roast! There are exceptions (as there are to all public speaking advice), and you’ll have to use your judgment. If this speech is part of a longer event, and the preceding talk has been particularly sad or low on energy, then it may help to lift the spirits of the audience. If you need to do this, do it early in your introduction, and then move on to the more thought-provoking content leading to your climax. 10. Don’t give an outline of the speech. I was once introduced by someone who had seen a longer presentation I gave on the same topic two years prior. Not only did they ignore the introduction I had written for them, but they gave a detailed outline of my whole talk, including which parts were their favorites! Unfortunately, my outline had changed substantially, and they had created unreasonable expectations and sabotaged my talk. Avoid undermining the speaker by giving too many details about the speech, telling anecdotes from their speech, or making promises about details in their presentation. It is the speaker’s job to decide how and when they reveal their outline. Keep your introduction at a high level, unless they have specifically asked you to do otherwise. 11. Stick to relevant expertise of the speaker. One very common mistake is to recite a lengthy list of biographical details (education, awards, former job titles, publications, etc.) which may or may not be relevant to the topic being presented. This is especially common at academic conferences. For example, avoid introductions such as: Our speaker grew up in Seattle and graduated at the top of her mechanical engineering class at Carnegie Mellon University. She went on to earn a Master’s Degree from Duke University, and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Harvard. She is a member of the Automotive Engineers Association, and a two-time recipient of the Stone Award for Distinguished Linguistics Research. She was previously the Director of Research at Hasbro, and is currently the CEO for the Miami Dolphins. Her talk today is entitled â€Å"How to Dougie.† A much better introduction would touch on how many years the speaker had Dougying whether she had been trained or self-taught, and that she had written a book on this topic. Okay, maybe that example was a bit extreme. But, even if the speaker has a lengthy list of biographical details that are related to her talk, there’s no need to recite them all. Pick a small number (about three) that are most relevant — usually the most recent details. Why not give all the details? 12. Don’t overdo it. Long introductions filled with biographical details are bad for two main reasons: * Long introductions are boring. Nobody attends an event to listen to the introducer go on and on. * Long introductions are pompous. Reciting dozens of professional accolades gives the impression that the speaker cares only about himself and his ego. Keep your introduction just long enough to accomplish your goals: [1] what’s the topic, [2] why does it matter, and [3] why is the speaker credible? â€Å"Keep your introduction just long enough to accomplish your goals: [1] what’s the topic, [2] why does it matter, and [3] why is the speaker credible?† I’m a big fan of short introductions in just about all situations. Sixty or ninety seconds is usually ample time. For really long presentations, (e.g. keynote addresses lasting an hour or more) two or three minutes may be warranted. 13. Avoid clichà ©s. How many times have you heard: â€Å"This speaker needs no introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ? While the speaker may indeed be well-known to the audience, nearly every speech benefits from a brief introduction. 14. Avoid exaggerated hype. Your introduction should get the audience excited about the presentation, but don’t take it too far. For example, it is reasonable to claim that the presentation will help the audience solve a business problem, save time, or understand the complexities of tax policy. But, it doesn’t help anyone to claim that â€Å"this presentation will solve all your problemsâ€Å", or that it is â€Å"the best presentation you’ll ever hearâ€Å", or even that â€Å"you’ll be amazed by what you are about to hearâ€Å". Proud expectations will actually have a detrimental effect, because the audience will feel challenged to prove you wrong. 15. Build to a climax. Your vocal delivery (strength and volume) should build toward the end of your introduction. (Keep it reasonable†¦ there’s no need to yell.) By doing so, the audience will be compelled to welcome the speaker with loud applause. One effective way to do this is to end with the speaker’s name and explicitly encourage applause: Ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming our guest speaker, Baby Girl! 16. Ensure a smooth transition. Know where the speaker will be as you speak your last words so that you can turn in that direction to greet them. Etiquette dictates that you should wait for them to come to you (e.g. on the stage, or at the lectern) and then shake hands before you leave. Shaking hands is a symbolic gesture that indicates you are â€Å"handing the floor† to them. Occasionally, the speaker may have a special entrance planned. (e.g. entrance music, a staged stunt, something with a prop) Make sure you ask the speaker about this, and do whatever you can to support them in a successful entrance. How to Introduce a Speaker: 16 Essential Tips for Success Preparing an Oral Report Follow these steps to put together and deliver a first-rate presentation. Step 1. Research the Facts Gather information about the subject of your oral report. List the facts and interesting information from your reading, taking notes accurately. Remember that relevant details and vivid descriptions will make your oral report more interesting, as will visual aids such as maps, charts, and pictures. Step 2. Organize Your Information Organize your oral report in three parts. †¢ Introduction How will you introduce your report? What will be your first line? Write a short introduction that briefly explains what your report will cover. †¢ Body Organize the main points of your report. They should follow a logical order. Be sure that: all your information is accurate; you have included information from your research to support your main points; you use details and descriptive sentences to make your report interesting. †¢ Conclusion Write a short conclusion. You can use the conclusion to: wrap up and restate your main points; draw upon your main points to formulate a personal opinion concerning the topic of your report. Step 3. Practice Giving the Oral Report Practice presenting your oral report with a friend or family member. If no one is available, try practicing in front of a mirror. Keep the following points in mind when you give your report. †¢ Hold your body upright and face your audience. †¢ Speak clearly and deliberately—you want everyone to hear what you have learned. †¢ Refer to your notes only when necessary. Step 4. Make A Final Copy of Your Report Notes Use your notes to make a final outline of your report and put it on one index card or half-sheet of paper. Try to use this card alone when giving your report. Refer to the rest of your notes only if absolutely necessary. http://go.hrw.com/resources/go_ss/teacher99/toolkit/TOOLKT19.pdf

Husband Battering Essay -- essays research papers

Husband Battering: A Serious Problem Billboards, radio, and TVads across the country proclaim that â€Å"every fifteen seconds a women is beatenby a man.† Violence against women is clearly a problem of national importance,but has anyone ever asked how often men are beaten by women? The unfortunatefact is that men are the victims of domestic violence at least as often aswomen are. While the very idea of men being beaten by their wives runs contraryto many of our deeply ingrained beliefs about men and women, female violenceagainst men is a well-documented phenomenon almost completely ignored by boththe media and society. The first reaction uponhearing about the topic of battered men, for many people, is that of incredulity.Battered husbands are almost a topic for jokes - such as the cartoon image of awoman chasing her husband with a rolling pin. One researcher noted that wiveswere the perpetrators in 73% of the depiction of domestic violence in newspapercomics (Gelles 1974). Battered husbands have historically been eitherignored or subjected to ridicule and abuse. In 18th-century France, a batteredhusband "was made to wear an outlandish outfit and ride backwards aroundthe village on a donkey" (Langley & Levy 1977). Even those of us wholike to consider ourselves liberated and open-minded often have a difficulttime even imagining that husband battering could take place. Although feminismhas opened many of our eyes about the existence of domestic violence, and newspaperreports often include incidents of abuse of wives, the abuse of husbands is ararely discussed phenomenon. One reason researchers andothers had not chosen to investigate husband battering is because it wasthought to be a fairly rare occurrence. Police reports seemed to bear this out,with in some cases a ratio of 12 to 14.5 female victims to every one malevictim. But another reason is that because women were seen as weaker and morehelpless than men due to sex roles, and men on the other hand were seen as moresturdy and self-reliant, the study of abused husbands seemed relativelyunimportant (Steinmetz 1978). In 1974, a study was done which compared male andfemale domestic violence. In that study, it was found that 47% of husbands hadused physical violence on their wives, and 33% of wives had used violence ontheir husbands (Gelles 1974). Half of the respondents in... ...involves denying thatwomen are victims. Women’s groups that help battered women could also helpbattered men, while men’s groups that counsel abusive men could make theirexpertise available to violent women as well. Continuing to portrayspousal violence solely as a women’s issue is not only wrong – it’s alsocounterproductive. And encouraging such unnecessary fragmentation anddivisiveness will ultimately do more harm than good. No one has, or shouldhave, a control on pain and suffering. But until society as a whole confrontsit’s deeply embedded stereotypes and recognizes all the victims of domesticviolence, we will never be able to solve the problem. Domestic violence is aneither a male or a female issue – it’s simply a human issue. References Farrell, W. (1986). Why men are the way they are.New York: McGraw-Hill. Gelles, R. (1974). The violent home: a study ofphysical aggression between husbands and wives. Beverly Hills: Sage. Langley, R., Levy, R. (1977). Wife beating: thesilent crisis. New York: Pocket Books. Mercy, J., Saltzman, L. (1989, May) â€Å"Fatal violenceamong spouses in the United States, 1976-85† American Journal of Public Health,79, 595-599.

PESTEL Analysis Kraft Foods Inc. Essay

PESTEL ANALYSIS The PESTEL framework categorises environmental influences into six main types: political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal. Thus PESTEL provides a comprehensive list of influences on the possible success or failure of particular strategies. (G. Johnson, R. Whittington, K. Scholes (2011): 50). Political Relating to the protection of the environment Kraft Foods Inc. is subject to various federal and state laws in the United States, taking into account that it has manufacturing facilities in approximately 70 countries and a presence in 170 countries worldwide. Another factor is that the UK government took a decision to increase value added tax up to 20% that its previous level of 17.5% in January 2011 this can negatively the profits made in the UK (HMRC, 2010; The Guardian, 2010). Economic Kraft Foods Inc. products are made with fresh raw materials such as sugar, corn, grains, and coffee therefore, the price unpredictability can affect the profitability of the company. Given the economic uncertainty this has reduced the spending power of consumers. The overall operation of Kraft Foods Inc. is wide and large, however there are negative impacts on the company for example the exchange rates, fluctuations in currency can have an impact on the company’s earnings. Social The world is leaning towards being more health conscious therefore, consumers are looking for the more healthy option. This social pattern has provided the company in entering new and emerging markets where consumers are willing to spend more. Technological In recent years technology has advanced to help companies to reduce carbon-dioxide emission to protect the environment. Kraft Foods has adopted a course of action to assist with this cause. The company is investing in  nanotechnology (Kraft Foods, 2010). Environmental There are constant pressure from the Government and public agencies about the way in which companies operate and its impact on the environment. The use of new technology would assist with this problem. Legal The highly rigid and competitive industry is threatened by the inherent risks arising out of legal actions and failure to comply with laws and policies could affect sales and create consumer skepticism.

Pregnant Mothers Should Not Drink Alcohol Essay

Experts continue to differ on whether or not it is safe for pregnant mothers to drink alcohol. While others are of the opinion that moderate drinking is risk-free others espouse an extremist stance that even a single drink is a risk that could be too expensive to bear. The latter group believes that any alcohol during pregnancy is a risk. They dogmatically argue that while some governments set regulations to limit the amount of alcohol consumption for mothers-to-be, no amount of alcohol is safe for mothers-to-be and that even the small amount advised can be disastrous to the unborn baby. These ‘extremists’ feel that governments are being complacent on the issue and warn mothers that the only way they can be certain of the health of their unborn babies and protect their dreams is by abstaining from alcohol. â€Å"The only guaranteed safe way is not to drink at all when you are pregnant,† Dr. Raja M. states. Dr. Raja says that one in every 100 babies born is damaged by their mothers drinking while pregnant. He explains that many children who develop behavioral problems due to exposure to alcohol while still in the womb are incorrectly diagnosed as having other conditions such as attention deficit disorder. Alcohol, which is a real culprit, goes unnoticed. (http://new.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3651050am)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In some countries like US and France alcohol beverages carry warming about the potential for damage to unborn children. This is an important step towards sensitization of mothers-to-be on the risks drinking may expose their unborn babies to. Well, other mechanisms should be beefed up to sensitize and prohibit pregnant mothers from drinking alcohol For instance, the government should not depict itself as saying â€Å"have a few drinks and that is alright†. No. Stricter laws and a no-drinking policy for pregnant mothers would be best. (Committee on substance abuse and committee on children with disabilities, 2000:25).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The ‘moderates’ believes that the risks caused by drinking alcohol by pregnant mothers are not as serious as they are made to appear. They want to believe that drinking a little amount of alcohol is safe and harmless. While they agree that alcohol has some negative side effects on unborn babies, they argue that in most cases the risks are ballooned and grossly exaggerated. After all, not all mental retardation cases are caused by prenatal alcohol consumption. And again, some babies whose mothers don’t drink while pregnant are still born with Mental retardation and other similar complications. (Streissguth, 1997:213).   Pregnant mothers adopting such a stance may feel psychologically ‘safe’ to drink while in real sense they are doing irreparable damage to their unborn babies. If and when pregnant mothers drink at the expense of their unborn babies, don’t they depict themselves as selfish and inhuman? Which is better, believing that it is safe to drink and jeopardize their babies’ lives or avoiding alcohol, which means avoiding the risk? The same way abortion is inhuman to the fetus, drinking alcohol is no less. Why insist on a drink that will ruin the entire life of your baby?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Medics and other human developmental specialist agree that alcohol can cause fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). FAS is a disorder of the offsprings born of mothers who drink alcohol during pregnancy. Sadly, this disorder is permanent birth defects. â€Å"Alcohol crosses the placental barrier and can stunt fetal weight or growth†. It can also cause facial stigma, damage brain structures and causes other mental physical and behavioral problems like attention deficit disorders, impulsive behavior and poor memory. The prenatal alcohol exposure damages the developing brain cells and structures. This causes malformed and underdeveloped brain structure resulting in primary cognitive and functional disabilities. It also causes secondary disabilities for instance drug addiction and mental health problems. With such complications, mothers-to-be should avoid alcohol. (Http://alcoholism.about.com/od/preg/pregnancy-and-drinking.htm).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Remember the risk of brain damage exists during each trimester since the fetal brain develops through out the entire gestation period. While prenatal exposure to alcohol does not ways result in FAS, abstaining from alcohol use is essential due to the risk involved. Research findings show that FAS is the leading known causes of mental retardation in the western. In the USA alone, FAS prevalence is estimated to be higher than any other developmental disabilities such as Spina bifida and Down syndrome. Again, the lifetime medical and social cost of each child with FAS is estimated to be about  ¾ million dollars. (Http://alcoholism.about.com/od/preg/pregnancy-and-drinking.htm). Does this provide a cogent reason why pregnant mothers should avoid alcohol consumption?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Growth deficiency and CNS damage are major symptoms and complications that make FAS serious. Mother-to-be should realize alcohol is a teratogen- there is no clear consensus as to what level of exposure is toxic. Amount, frequency and timing of prenatal alcohol affect the impact of FAS. Ulleland (1972:123) says, â€Å"FAS require comprehensive and multi-model approaches to ameliorate the negative effects†.   Since FAS is a syndrome, the complexity of medical and other interventions applied in treatment of multiple disabilities caused by FAS make it a risk worth avoiding not daring. (Ulleland, 1972:123)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pregnant mothers and their counselors or attendants should know that FAS has no cure and no treatment can prevent alcohol from affecting unborn babies. Worse still is the fact that caring for a baby with FAS takes patience. These babies can be too sensitive to light and sound. Feeding may also take extra time and energy as the baby may have problems sucking. Their thinking, reasoning and language skills may be impaired. (McCreight, 1997:58).   With all these downsides, how can mothers justify their use of alcohol!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     With such evidence, anyone would be justified to conclude that pregnant mothers should, if they care for their unborn babies and for themselves, avoid alcohol. We have seen that prenatal alcohol is perilous to unborn babies and therefore should be shunned by all means. Abstinence from alcohol is the best. Works Cited Any alcohol a risk in pregnancy http://new.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3651050am Accessed on line on 21st November 2007 18:13: 48 GMT Buddy, T. A guide to Alcoholism. / Pregnancy and drinking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Http://alcoholism.about.com/od/preg/pregnancy-and-drinking.htm Accessed online on 21st November 2007 1:40:15 GMT. Committee on substance abuse and committee on children with disabilities   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Pediatrics 106(2) 358-361. 2000. McCreight, B. (1997).Recognizing and Managing Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects: A Guidebook Chapter 10. Washington   DC: Child Welfare League of America Inc. Ulleland, C.N. The offspring of alcoholic mothers. Annuals new book   Ã‚   academy of science. 197 PMID. 1972 Streissguth, A.P. (1997). Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: A guide to families   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and communities. Baltimore U.S.: Brookes Publishing Company.

Europe in teh 1960s essays

Europe in teh 1960s essays Europe is an ever-changing landscape of culture and society. Many major advances in technology and knowledge were introduced to this scene in the nineteen-sixties. Political transformation took place in this decade as well as social and ethnic changes. The beginning of the Space Age marked scientific enhancements just as the second Vatican Council meeting was a sign of cultural attempts to bring a group up to date with the times. The building of the Berlin Wall signaled feuding between governments and their differences. The Space Age was inaugurated with the launching of Sputnik I on October 4, 1957. Yet astronautics originated in the early nineteenth century. As early as 1819 Konstantine E. Ziolkovsky, the founding father of Russian space science, predicted the of a space rocket employing liquid fuel and liquid oxygen capable of thrusting man into space. From 1957 to 1961, Russian spaceships were the first top carry live animals, to reach the vicinity of the moon and orbit the sun, and to photograph the far side of the moon. While America was reaching significant scientific progress, Russia clearly dominated the excitement of space exploration. In March of 1961, Premier Nikita Khrushchev announced that the Soviet Union would soon place a man in space. Within a few weeks, on April 12, Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space. The spaceship Vostok I weighed 10,395 pounds, orbited the globe in eighty-nine minutes at a top speed of seventeen thousand miles per hour. Gagarins journey was incredibly smooth. He reported writing a note, drinking, and eating. Reentry into Earths atmosphere, more rapid than anticipated marred his capsule, but Gagarin landed safely four hundred miles southeast of Moscow. The United States and Russia were both struggling for world prestige. This advance in exploration sparked the fire that would launch every spaceship following. It created a bloodless battle betw...

Difference between US and South Korea transprotation Research Paper

Difference between US and South Korea transprotation - Research Paper Example Notable areas that have witnessed tremendous development include the public transportation sector. The growth in the economy has led to the rapid expansion of air, land and sea transportation. To this end, the period of rapid growth in the transport sector can be traced back to the early 1990’s. During this period, South Korea was emerging as a formidable trading nation globally. Consequently, the transportation sector garnered 7 percent of the Gross Domestic Product in 1999. Apart from the rapid economic growth, increase in population density in Seoul and the greater metropolitan area created an incentive for growth of the public transport sector. To this end, a raft of reforms in the transportation sector enabled Seoul to gain a competitive edge against established public transport networks globally. The subsequent sections will elaborate on the reasons for development of South Korean public transport network. Furthermore, the positive effects of the public transport develop ment to the South Korean society will be discussed. In addition, a comparative analysis of the differences between the South Korean public transport and the United States model will be comprehensively discussed. Reasons for Development of South Korean Public Transport In order to understand the development of South Korea’s public transport, a background of the precipitating factors is essential. Foremost, Seoul and the wider metropolitan areas of Gyeonggi and Incheon province have witnessed rapid population growth since 1942. The effect of population growth from 9 million to 25 million by 2010 increased demand in transportation. Furthermore, coupled by a rapidly growing economy, the public transportation sector was in need of reforms to mitigate over the crisis. Consequently, the reforms initiated touched on technology, infrastructure and policy affecting public transport. To this end, the reforms undertaken were based on visionary and integrated approach. The vision was to m ake ‘Seoul a clean and attractive city’(Kuranami et al 8-1). Consequently, the focal themes were centred on three areas. These were: environmental sustainability through a low carbon emission transport system; human centred traffic system; social inclusion, and economic growth through the building of demand management. Reforms in the public transit sector were undertaken by the Seoul Metropolitan government (SMG). Foremost, the SMG introduced rapid transit corridors for the buses to ease congestion. This involved redesigning of the bus routes and the introduction of feeder routes. Second, the SMG implemented a uniform fare structure and an automated ticket system across all modes of transportation and designated routes. Consequently, the SMG maintained the decision of fare regulations as well as schedules and routes. In addition, a colour coded numbering system of the buses was introduced in order to specify the types of services they offered. In terms of infrastructura l development, median bus right- of- ways were expanded to accommodate the Bus Rapid Transit services. Moreover, the bus lanes were increased and upgraded as well as the expansion of the length of curb side bus lanes. Railway transport equally experienced development strategies that boosted development of So

Unit 4 Individual Project - Present Risks to ODHS Project Essay

Unit 4 Individual Project - Present Risks to ODHS Project - Essay Example (JordaÃŒÆ'o, B., 2010) This is the point of divergent compared to the role of quality management. Quality management lays emphasis on the standards involved in the process, the process itself as well as the techniques that are involved in to ensure that quality is achieved in the whole process. This brings to clarity the understanding that risk management would portray a more direct focus on potential risk associated with the execution of the project while the quality management is principally concerned with the broader management efforts. This makes quality management to be more of overall determination of the project quality as a whole. This study will try to explore the aspects of the projects management that are relevant and would be important for adoption in the project at hand. To this end, the study will attempt to identify fundamental aspects of risk management and project quality management. This aspect will form the ground for evaluation of Ohio Department of Human Services (ODHS) The basic components of a quality management are quality assurance, quality control as well as quality planning. Quality planning acts as the main way of assisting in identification of quality standards that would be relevant for the project in place. This is the most relevant stage to any organization that intends to implement a project. The case of ODHS would be well managed at this stage. First of all, the project has been able to identify that the project lacks two network engineers and a business analyst who would be responsible for project documentation. They have further identified that the existing budget plan is not able to cover the anticipated 20% increase in licensing for one of the key candidate products under consideration. This is one step that the company would be able to exploit in order to get to the desired goal of delivering it’s services to its clients. First and foremost, lack of business analyst