Anand Mahindra Profile

Anand Mahindra * Passionate trailblazer * I consider myself a â€Å"right brained individual. † * The entire inclination in this organization has been one of trusteeship. * Innovators are non-traditionalists. Pioneers and business visionaries are the individuals who have enormous trust in their abilities. * If taught appropriately, Indians are best in class on the planet. * I stress when times are acceptable. * It’s never just about the cash, it can’t be. Else I don’t figure you can get extraordinary outcomes. Course of events 1955: Born in Mumbai, Maharashtra 981: Returned to India and joined Mahindra Ugine Steel Company (MUSCO) as an Executive Assistant to the Finance Director 1989: Became the President of this driving gathering 1991: Became the Deputy Managing Director of the Mahindra & Mahindra Group 1997: Became the Managing Director of the Mahindra & Mahindra Group 2003:Became the Vice-Chairman of the Mahindra & Mahindra Group 2004: Knight of the Order of Merit by the President of the French Republic. 2005: Person of the Year from Auto Monitor and Leadership Award from the American India Foundation. 006: Received the CNBC Asia Business Leader Award and Entrepreneur of the Year Award by the Ludhiana Management Association. 2007: Received the Inspiring Corporate Leader of the Year Award from NDTV Profit. Foundation (From movies to business) Anand Mahindra, 50, was educated at the Lawrence school in Lovedale. He finished his alumni learns at Harvard College in Arts, lining it up with a MBA from Harvard Business School. His fatherly uncle, Keshub Mahindra, is the present administrator of the company.He is hitched to Anuradha Mahindra, who is the popular supervisor of the magazines ‘Verve' and ‘Man's World' and is the Editor-in-Chief of Rolling Stone India. The couple together has two little girls. A socialist in his school days You don’t discover a Harvard graduate who earned a summa cum l aude (Latin for â€Å"with most elevated honour†) in film, heading one of India’s biggest auto organizations. A self-admitted ‘right-brained individual, Anand Mahindra accepts this respect from Harvard was a purifying encounter and denoted the finish of his rebellion.It additionally demonstrated to cynics that he could set up himself in a field where his family was absent, as opposed to strolling the simpler way of joining and maintaining an acquired privately-run company. Anand, likewise a Communist gathering part in his school days, solidly accepts that development and innovativeness are outlooks and one needs to continually address one’s heading in life †something he says he doesn’t see in today’s youth, who he accepts are engaged and realize what they need from day one.Anand started his profession in a gathering organization †Mahindra Ugine Steel (MUSCO) †taking it through the turbulent mid eighties haggling with trade guil ds in the steel business, a period he calls a â€Å"trial by fire†. Anand in the end joined M;amp;M in 1991, and turned into the Managing Director in 1997. He has a solid feeling of pride in the work he does, and accepts given the correct instruction Indians are top notch on the planet. The Scorpio achievement factor of course, the Scorpio remains Anand’s greatest achievement.Or, as he puts it, â€Å"The size of hazard we took is our greatest achievement†. The Scorpio, curiously enough was conceived, not as a particular SUV venture, however as a thought from a 26-year-old designer who was a piece of a group fabricating a 13-seater Utility Vehicle. The forcing Rs6bn financial plan for building up the Scorpio was a tremendous hazard to take and an obstacle to cross. Anand took the wager, persuading the Board that it was the path forward. The rest, obviously is history. Land †changing the way individuals liveAnand refers to driving development across M;amp;M a nd the whole Mahindra Group as another key accomplishment. His concept of setting up one of a kind world class buildings (â€Å"World Cities†) that comprehensively incorporate the requirements of work and family is an a valid example. Regardless of resistance from the board (â€Å"For five years individuals thought I was mad†), Anand held his position that â€Å"We’re changing the manner in which individuals live in these townships. † sufficiently sure, Mahindra Gesco (the holding organization) right now has orders worth Rs15bn and takers like Infosys for it’s Mahindra World City, Chennai venture. The bluechip criteria† The way that the Mahindra Group comprises of a horde of organizations appears to scrutinize the whole idea of core interest. In any case, Anand accepts that he as of now â€Å"chopped the deadwood† in 1994 (leaving organizations like atomic building, oil boring, and so on) and set six regions as key center organizations for the gathering. Every one of these gatherings needs to meet â€Å"the bluechip criteria,† which implies the business should: (a) be an innovator in its industry; (b) have advancement as a key model; (c) have worldwide potential; and (d) convey on requesting monetary goals.Six center territories for the gathering With Anand expelling himself from dynamic administration (â€Å"kicking myself upstairs†), all the organizations were given committed presidents to give administrative core interest. He thinks giving administrative and money related freedom to these organizations is the thing that separates them from the ordinary aggregate structure that will in general spotlight on top-administration control. Anand is presently pushing ahead to list every one of these organizations, which are as various as Mahindra-British Telecom (IT), Club Mahindra (time-share occasions) and M;amp;M Financial Services. These will be IPOed and will subsequently get free. † The five chamber motor in automobiles simultaneously, Anand additionally opposed strain to cut out M;amp;M’s auto business into a different organization. â€Å"If we do it right, I have a superior possibility of turning Mahindra as an internationally perceived faction brand, than I do, attempting to transform it into General Motors. † Anand sees M;amp;M as a three-chamber motor, comprising of UVs, tractors and segments. He is concentrating on building M;amp;M as a â€Å"auto competency group† by making verticals having similar stages, for example, coordinations, acquisition and ngineering. His way of thinking for M;amp;M is â€Å"When you construct more verticals you reenact the scale and get a bigger organization without losing the specialty center. † With the ongoing tie-ups with Renault and International Trucks, Anand accepts he has now made a â€Å"five-chamber engine†. Advantages for M;amp;M’s center auto business are as of now streaming in â₠¬ for instance M;amp;M is presently taking advantage of Renault’s worldwide acquisition frameworks. Clear focuses for every business Anand has away from for each of M;amp;M’s three cylinders.UVs †to be an internationally perceived brand, tractors †to be a prevailing player, and auto segments †to be the biggest car segment aggregate in India (â€Å"We’d like to be a Dana, Spicer or a Lear. †). Also, for the gathering Anand doesn’t put stock in one single objective. He picks, rather to concentrate on administration, development, a worldwide nearness and conveying on the financials. Everything else, including size, which he accepts doesn’t matter, will at that point follow. What he does with his available time Anand invests as much energy as possible with his family and those close and dear.A companion once disclosed to him that life resembles a lot of elastic and glass balls that you need to shuffle constantly. You need to know, which are the glass balls, and you never drop those. The elastic ones continue ricocheting and you can get them en route. An insatiable peruser by his own affirmation Anand doesn't peruse business books since they become out of date. He favors business magazines, for example, Harvard Business Review, BusinessWeek and Fortune. In fiction, Anand is a major fanatic of the Booker Prize winning writer, Ian McEwan.

Research paper The Apology of Socrates Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Apology of Socrates - Research Paper Example It is frequently said that Socrates acted indiscreetly in this safeguard and preceding the charges being brought against him since he deliberately induced the fierceness of a large number of the more influential individuals of Athens. Notwithstanding, the safeguard he presents to the court proposes Socrates comprehended something more than ordinary men. His contention at long last isn't that he didn’t overstep the law of Athens, yet that he was acting in a fundamental limit with regards to the advancement of the free and law based society he comprehended Athens to be. The primary charge brought against Socrates was that he was spreading offensive thoughts since he challenges different people’s convictions. Socrates recognizes these charges when he denounces old foes that have spoken dishonestly â€Å"telling of one Socrates, a shrewd man, who guessed about the paradise above, and looked into the earth underneath, and exacerbated the show up the better cause† (Apology: 944). His barrier with respect to heresy depends on the announcement of the Oracle which once articulated him the smartest man alive. Such a proclamation made him take up a progression of requests looking ‘into the sky and earth’ to find why that may be so. He calls attention to this was an excursion of revelation to realize why what they said was valid. â€Å"At last I went to the craftsmans, for I was cognizant that I knew nothing by any means, as I may state, and I was certain that they knew many fine things; and here I was not mixed up, for they knew n umerous things of which I was uninformed, and in this they unquestionably were smarter than I was. However, I saw that even the great craftsmans fell into a similar blunder as the writers; since they were acceptable laborers they imagined that they likewise knew a wide range of high issues, and this deformity in them eclipsed their wisdom† (Apology: 947). Manor says this uncovers Socrates â€Å"obviously thought about his city and individual citizens† (2001: 39). His strategy was expected to open their brains to more prominent idea inside a

Why Graph Databases Are so Effective in Big Data Analytics

Why Graph Databases Are so Effective in Big Data Analytics We live in an era of data. Information is everywhere and it can be accessed in different ways. Information is also collected in vast quantities. You can’t do much in the modern world without it being noted down and stored in a database.Big data analytics and graph databases are buzzwords you’ve most likely encountered. It’s likely you’ve been told to start using graph databases in your big data analytics to boost your organizational efficiency. Wikimedia Commons I Hoshi Ludwig (CC BY-SA 4.0)But why? Let’s look at the concepts and the reasons graph databases are so effective in big data.WHAT’S BIG DATA?Unless you have been living under a rock, you should have heard the term Big Data thrown around. In fact, you’ve probably heard it mentioned in so many different contexts, described in a number of different ways that it might be hard to know and understand what the term actually means and what is its significance.So, I’ll try to explain the term concisely and let you in on the definite reasons it matters.The definition of big dataIf you search for the definition of big data on Google, you’ll receive well over 10 million results. The dictionary definition states big data as:“extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations, especially relating to human behavior and interactions.”Many fancy words, right? The definition might not quite open up the idea and p urpose behind the concept. You could state the above in a bit more simplistic way and describe big data as a large collection of data, gathered from traditional and digital sources. The data can be collected either within a specific organization and its different channels or outside of the organization. Furthermore, big data is not just collected, but used to discover new things and to analyze existing patterns and processes.The key point to understand with big data is that the datasets collected are huge â€" you aren’t talking about a few phone numbers here, but vast amounts of different types of data. In addition, the data tend to be mostly in the digital format, although you shouldn’t exclude traditional datasets. Financial records, for example, also constitute as part of big data. Furthermore, big data always mixes multi-structured and unstructured data. What does that mean? Big data can use:Unstructured data, which is information that cannot be easily organized or interpret ed by traditional databases and models.Multi-structured data, which is different types and formats of data, derived from the interactions between people and machines. So, what does the above look in reality? An example of big data would be how Wal-Mart collected data of its customers and the weather. By combining these different datasets and points of information, the company noticed that as the storms are heading towards the location, customers buy more flashlights (understandable!) and Pop-Tarts (interesting and somewhat surprising).For a quick recap of the above and an insight into the world of big data, you should watch the short clip below: Why does big data matter?But what does the above mean for an organization? Why does it matter whether you collect and use big data? Well, the Wal-Mart example shows the two main reasons for utilizing big data:It reveals hidden information â€" You don’t need to know the weather patterns and customer consumption of certain goods go hand in h and or have a link. Big data helps reveal this information and therefore, you don’t need to know what you are looking for in order to find a connection. Wal-Mart didn’t know it’s looking to find a specific food item increase its sales prior to a storm, but it was able to find this interesting connection because of big data analytics.It extracts value â€" The information you gain helps you better understand the connections between actions and behaviors. This in turn, will help you increase value extraction, either by helping you make or save more money, or improve efficiency. In the example of Wal-Mart, the company could use the information in order to promote Pop-Tarts when storms are heading in or make flashlights more easily accessible.WHAT ARE GRAPH DATABASES?But what about the other concept we are connecting with big data analytics? In order to understand the benefits of using graph databases in connection with big data, you need to understand the meaning and importance of them.The definition of a graph databaseThe definitions of a graph database also come in different complexities. The computing definition of the concept says a graph database is:“a database that uses graph structures for semantic queries with nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data”.If you are not a computer expert or used to technology jargon, the above probably went way over your head. Don’t worry, there’s a more down-to-earth way of looking at the concept. A graph is an illustration of information and a database is naturally a set of information grouped together. Graph databases have two defining elements:A node, which represents an entity. This can be a person, a place, a thing and so on.A relationship, which is the connection between two separate nodes.Essentially then, graph databases are datasets that focus on the connections between different pieces of information and represent these connections in a simple, graphical manner.You can think of it throu gh an example, such as Twitter, which is in itself a huge graph database. The users would be the nodes and the connections or relationships the different nodes have can be variable and which are represented with ‘follows’. The connection between two users (nodes) could be that of node 1 following node 2, with node 2 not following node 1. Both node 1 and 2 could also be following each other and so on. All of the different users (nodes) and the relationships they have with other nodes can be represented in a massive graph database. From Visually.Source: Visual.ly website, published by Neo TechnologyWhy do graph databases matter?But why does a graph database make analyzing and understanding information easier? What is the purpose of representing Twitter users and their relationships with a graph database? An organization can benefit from using graph databases in three different ways, with the database helping to:Boost performance â€" Each organization will have data and the dataset s will always continue to grow. The growth of these datasets will also lead to growth in the connections the datasets have. Graph databases are specifically designed to understand the relationships between different pieces of data, meaning the growth of the relationships won’t hinder performance.Provide flexibilityâ€"Using graph databases is also flexible, as the database can change at the same speed as your organization changes. The structure of the model fits all sorts of needs and requirements.Improve agility â€" The graph database also supports agility, which is crucial in a test-driven development environment. As your business requirements change, the database can change with it.The interconnected world of today means different pieces of information are connected with each other in a number of unique ways. The use of graph databases means you don’t just understand the importance of the information and data, but the relationships between them.The acquired understanding of re lationships can boost your organization in terms of efficiency and value creation â€" just as we saw with big data. Information quintessentially leads to better service and enhanced value â€" both for you and the customer.WHY GRAPH DATABASES WORK IN BIG DATA ANALYTICS?So, what do you get when you implement graph databases in big data analytics? An effective and powerful tool to create connections and utilize your data. But why is that?As mentioned in the first section, big data has generally relied on the Structured Query Language (SQL) to communicate with a database. It’s the language of the relational database management, which are databases build around tables and collections of rows of attributes.The communication between the different tables and rows can be slow and difficult when huge and irregular datasets are brought into question. Essentially, as data keeps growing and evolving, the traditional SQL model can become insufficient in understanding the relationships between t hese different datasets.How are these issues being solved? Well, graph databases are one part of the solution. They belong to a so-called Not Only SQL movement or NoSQL. Instead of structuring data in the traditional table and row model, NoSQL allows the database design to be built around the requirements at hand. This can mean the data is structured and defined by:Key-value storesDocumentsGraph databasesThe graph database model focuses on the relationships of the different nodes, or data-points. So, instead of looking at the value of the data-point (which is what SQL database would do), the graph database is organizing and analyzing the messy data-points according to the relationships. Graph database adds another layer of structuring and analyzing your data â€" increasing the effectiveness of your big data analytics. You simply open more doors for your organization.But what is the importance of the node-relationship in big data? Why is it so effective in adding to the way you analy ze data. Quite simply, the answer is that it can clarify the interconnected data more clearly. Instead of just understanding what is the value of specific data, you understand the value of the relationship between data. If you think of the example of Wal-Mart’s findings, graph database would help notice the relationship between the storm, the shopping decisions, and customers who bought flashlights and Pop-Tarts.An organization doesn’t just rely on data when it comes to decision-making. If you want to increase sales in your bookshop, you don’t just need data on the books that are being sold in order to boost sales. You need to understand how the customers connect to books â€" for example, what books tend to be bought by the same person and what do the buyers of a specific book have in common. If you figure out these relationships, you can drive up sales much easier. Perhaps you find a connection where people who read J.K. Rowling also tend to buy books by Terry Pratchett and y ou can use the information in marketing or positioning of the books. You therefore enhance the way you interpret and use data. You don’t just focus on the specific value, but the value of the relationship. For any organization, the relationships between data-points are important and will continue to grow in importance.Another example of the above could be to understand why the transport of books from the warehouse takes a long time. With the help of a graph database, you can find the relationship between the warehouse, retailer, delivery company and the customer and find what connections take the longest or whether you could get the product faster by using different relationships, i.e. processes of delivery. You can solve the problems your business has in different ways because you are able to look at the data in a different way to the traditional model and find connections you might not realize with the SQL model. You end up creating more value for both the organization and the c ustomer. You solve an issue that might prevent a customer from shopping with you again and you create a more efficient service that could increase the value you are able to draw from the services you provide.Furthermore, the NoSQL database model can be much more efficient in terms of finding these data connections. A SQL database would begin its search by checking individual data-points and comparing them to another one-by-one. Consider you have Data-point A and you want to find who is connected to it. If you use traditional database systems, the A would be individually checked against B, C, D, E, and so on. On the other hand, with the graph database the connections between A and different data-points would be created much quicker. The relationships are captured on their own and the properties of the data-points are checked directly. This cuts the processing time and ensures you can access information quicker. All of this ensures further efficiency. Ryan Boyd, head of developer rela tions North America for Neo4J, gave an example of the different technique and processing model in a TechRepublic interview. Boyd said,“with a graph database, you find a logical starting point and you branch out from there and identify the relationships. For instance, you might write a query that asks, ‘Find all of the friends of the friends of John’. Instead of having to JOIN many different indexes, the graph database uses pointer arithmetic that is in-memory or in cache and performs the operation.”An example of the effective use of graph databases in big data analysis in the light of the above is eBay and how it provides fast and efficient service to its customers. The shopping platform utilizes graph databases to connect buyers with local sellers, creating localized door-to-door delivery connections. The company has observed how queries powered by a graph database take on 1/50th of a second to solve, while the traditional database queries took around 15 minutes. The exampl e highlights the power of creating efficiency in terms of saving time and resources of the organization and providing better value for customers.USING GRAPH DATABASESGraph databases provide plenty of opportunities for organizations. The benefits discussed above have already been noted by a number of industries, including:Financial services â€" example uses include monitoring and preventing internal and external fraud and its risks.Retail â€" can be used for understanding purchase decisions and to provide recommendations to customers based on how different products link with each other.Logistics â€" an example in the industry would be the use of graph database for planning routes.Networking and IT â€" identifying and understanding root cause analysis.As you start implementing the graph databases in your organization, you should be aware of a few things. First, there are two key properties the graph database technologies use:Graph storage â€" Some storage options are specifically desi gned for storing and managing graphs, while others use relational or object-oriented databases. The latter options tend to be slower.Graph processing engine â€" The native or graph-specific processing is the most efficient way of processing data within a graph. The non-native processing engines tend to use other processing means, such as ‘creating’, ‘reading’ or ‘deleting’.Finding the right technology to use will depend on your specific business needs and requirements. There are quite a few different graph database technologies available, with the most widely used graph database being Neo4J. The open-source system is a native graph database, both in terms of storage and processing. The database began in development in 2003, becoming publicly available system in 2007.The graph database is used by a number of organizations and companies around the world, representing a large number of industries. The system is used in scientific research, project management and matchmaking . Its users include established organizations such as Wal-Mart and Lufthansa, as well as start-ups like FiftyThree and CrunchBase.Neo4J in a nutshellWhat is it?An ACID transaction database, which doesn’t require a schema or data typing to operate.What are the features?Neo4J features include:Integration with other databases, as the system supports transaction management.Synchronization options, including periodic synchronization with itself or an RDBMS.Hot and cold backups and high-availability clustering mode.Declarative query language called Cypher.How is it available?The database is an open source project, licensed under the GNU public license v3.0.You can also get a supported, commercial version of the graph database. It is provided by Neo Technology under the GNU AGPL v3.0 and commercial licensing. http://neo4j.com/downloadWhat is it suited for?Neo4J can be used for a number of different purposes. It’s especially good graph database for social networking, the classification of specific data, and creating communities of interests or practices.You can also check out videos on YouTube on how to start using Neo4J and make the most out of it. For example, the below video is a great introduction to the database and its functions: Other examples of graph database technologies and systems include:Titan, which is a backend-agnostic graph database.Stardog, a scalable, Java semantic graph database.InfiniteGraph, a commercial, cloud-enable graph database.Apache Accumulo, a generic database that can also store graphs at scale.With the help of graph databases, your organization could start answering more questions and getting more value out of the data you have at hand. The model is perfect for finding the answer to those abstract questions your organization might have. How do you get Thing A to go to Thing B? What can you recommend to someone who used Service X?The use of these databases is not that difficult, as the example of Max de Marzi shows. He built a system of Facebook Graph Search over a single weekend (the system has now been shut down by Facebook) by using a graph database. With the system he was able to find things like ‘who contacted me’, ‘who likes a specific type of post’, and so on.THE BOTTOM LINEBig data is unavoidable for any modern organization. Neither should you try running away when the concept is mentioned, as big data analytics can help companies create better value for their customers and themselves. But relying on the traditional data management and analytics tools is not enough, as data-points continue to develop and grow in the interconnected world. To make the most out of the interconnected nature of things, you should consider using graph databases.These databases are based on the relationships and their value, rather than the value of data itself. The graph databases are effective because they provide an alternative way of looking at the connections of data-points and solving problems. They are effective and fast because of the way they are built to find these different relationships and to represent them in a graphical, and simple, model. So, in a world of interconnected data, understanding the value of data alone is not enough, you also need to look for the different ways things connect with each other.

Little Falls Hospital Risk Management Plan - 1461 Words

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The governing body’s responsibilities are supported through regular written and verbal communications regarding risk management activities that may affect the organization’s finances. The role of the risk manager is to maintain a proactive risk management program in compliance with the provisions of federal, state, and local statutes, applicable scope of practice and regulations. The organization may participate with voluntary accrediting organizations. The risk manager is responsible for creating, implementing, and evaluating the outcome of the risk management plan. TheseShow MoreRelatedThe Patient Safety And Risk Management Program1429 Words   |  6 Pages Purpose A risk management plan is created so as to support Little Falls Hospitals mission and vision statements as it pertains to the clinical risk of the hospital, patients, visitors, volunteers, and employee safety, and any possible operational, business, and property risks. 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Challenges for the United Kingdom Health Care System

The National Health Service (NHS) is the universal healthcare system for the United Kingdom and provides more than 80 percent of the total healthcare services. It is largely free at the point of use. An 11 percent tax on employees and a similar one for employers generally finance it. There are some private providers that are paid by supplemental private insurance companies or by the patients (Bang, 2010). The United Kingdom is facing many challenges on how to support and improve the NHS so it may offer quality healthcare to everyone in an acceptable time limit. Some of these challenges faced are from the charged political environment that is struggling to find compromising solutions, the increasing costs in healthcare, and dealing with public dissatisfaction. Politics and the Struggle to Reform The government is struggling to reform the National Health Service. 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Poem Templates Free Essays

Poetic Forms Template†¦. You should approach this assignment from the perspective that you are teaching someone how to write the type of poem that you have selected. That means, defining and providing the characteristics of the type of poetry that you have selected as well as an approach to composing. We will write a custom essay sample on Poem Templates or any similar topic only for you Order Now TYPE: English SonnetThe English Sonnet, also known as a Shakespearian Sonnet, can be written about any subject. This type of poem is written in iambic pentameter (10 syllables or 5 feet in a line, one foot is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable) and consists of three quatrains and a concluding couplet. This means that the poem has three groups of four lines and an additional couplet to finish the poem. The English Sonnet follows a specific rhyme pattern, it goes: abab cdcd efef gg. This demonstrates the pattern by showing what lines rhyme with each other. The first and third line are both ‘a’s and therefore must rhyme with each other. | Example of English Sonnet: BarmaidBy: William Ernest Henley1 Though, if you ask her name, she says Elise,2 Being plain Elizabeth, e’en let it pass,3 And own that, if her aspirates take their ease,4 She ever makes a point, in washing glass,5 Handling the engine, turning taps for tots,6 And countering change, and scorning what men say,7 Of posing as a dove among the pots,8 Nor often gives her dignity away. Her head’s a work of art, and, if her eyes10 Be tired and ignorant, she has a waist;11 Cheaply the Mode she shadows; and she tries12 From penny novels to amend her taste;13 And, having mopped the zinc for certain years,14 And faced the gas, she fades and disappear|My Original Piece:When Friends LeaveBy: Luke Longstreet1 I may have a good life, is it enough? 2 I have lifelong friends, but they are now gone. 3 Off to university, it’s been tough,4 We used to hang out till the strike of dawn. 5 Sometimes I wish I was a year older,6 So I could be with them and not right here. Since they have gone life seems so much colder,8 For without them the boring days draw near. 9 Some days are harder than others to face,10 Problems with depression are on my plate. 11 These troubles make my parents start to pace,12 I know I will see them again, it’s fate. 13 I miss them with all my heart, but I know14 They miss me too; it’s just too hard to show. Works CitedHenley, William Ernest. Barmaid. London: Macmillan and Co, Print. .| The form of an English Sonnet allows for the writer of the poem to establish a strong theme and description of the theme because of the amount of lines the poet has to use. The rhyme scheme also has a repeat of sounds and therefore makes the message come across stronger because the memory of what was previously said comes back once the reader hears the repeated sound. The structure of the Sonnet is almost like a brief essay, the first quatrain is the intro of the theme, the next two quatrains explain about the theme and the couplet at the end, concludes the poem. The form of the English Sonnet is very effective although it can be considered more difficult to write than other types of poems. || Poetic Forms Template†¦. You should approach this assignment from the perspective that you are teaching someone how to write the type of poem that you have selected. That means, defining and providing the characteristics of the type of poetry that you have selected as well as an approach to composing. TYPE: HaikuDefinition and â€Å"How to†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Explanation for this type of poem:A Haiku poems is a poem that consists of three lines, the first having five syllables, the second has seven and the third five syllables. | Example of Chosen Poem Form: An old silent pond†¦ A frog jumps into the pond,splash! Silence again. by Basho Matsuo|My Original Piece:Poetic ChallengeBy: Luke LongstreetWho challenges me? Master of all the Haiku. I will kill you now! | Explanation of How Form Affects Theme The form of the Haiku allows for the poet to be very broad about the theme because the poet only has seventeen syllables to tell the reader what they want to say. Haiku’s are fairly simplistic because there are not a lot of guidelines to the form. These poems are usually about nature but can be written about anything. | Luke’s Original ClerihewSteven went to the store,But he could not open the door. He screamed a shout, Then wept with a pout. |Luke’s Original ViatorChills run down my spine when I see your grace,The way you move makes it hard to mistake. It shines a light on your beautiful face. There is no way that your smile could be fake,Because that would take away perfection. I remember those nights at the quiet lake. We would talk about i nterpretations, Of how our lives will change the earths’ nations. | How to cite Poem Templates, Essay examples

The Pearl by John Steinbeck Essay Essay Example

The Pearl by John Steinbeck Essay Paper This Essay will discourse the usage of symbols in the novel The Pearl by John Steinbeck. In this novel there are many subjects explored. These include the destructiveness of greed. how love can give person great bravery and strength. cognition is power. but a power which can be abused. and how a dream is good until it starts to destruct the things of value in a person’s life. The destructiveness of greed is shown when the physician comes to Kino’s house and heals Coyotito after Kino has found The Pearl. When Coyotito had been bitten by the Scorpio. his male parent and female parent take Kino to the physician in order to acquire a intervention. But the physician refuses to mend Coyotito because Kino is hapless. Subsequently On. after Kino owns the pearl. the physician automatically comes to Kino’s house and offers a â€Å"treatment† for Coyotito. After he â€Å"treats† Coyotito. he pretends that he does non cognize that Kino has found a pearl and asks Kino about the medical disbursals. â€Å"You have a pearl? A good pearl? The physician asks with wonder. We will write a custom essay sample on The Pearl by John Steinbeck Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Pearl by John Steinbeck Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Pearl by John Steinbeck Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The world is that the physician cares more about Kino’s pearl more than giving people interventions. The physician does this because he values mercenary things more than he cares about others. Although the physician has a batch of money and he has an copiousness of everything he needs and wants in his life. he still wants more and his is dissatisfied. Obviously. the greed had already controlled the doctor’s head and the manner he acts towards people. Another illustration of the destructiveness of greed is seen in Kino As Kino tried to happen a manner to derive wealth and position through the pearl. During this. Kino transforms from a happy. comfy male parent to an unhappy felon. In this speedy passage Kino displays the manner the aspiration of success and greed can destruct artlessness. Kino’s desire to derive wealth alterations the manner we see the pearl. When we foremost visualise the pearl we see it as a natural beauty and good fortune. As the narrative continues we start seeing it as a symbol of human devastation. Therefore. Kino’s greed leads him to act violently towards his married woman and it besides leads to his son’s decease. During his mission he loses sight of his cultural traditions and his society. His dreams start to destruct him. This leads the subject of how a dream is good. until it begins to destruct the things of value in a person’s life. Because Kino believes The Pearl will assist him accomplish all the dreams he has in shop for his boy Coyotito Kino does non desire to give up the pearl. Juana. who is smart plenty to calculate out that the pearl is traveling to do problem. asks Kino to throw the pearl off multiple times. And even attempts to acquire rid of it herself. Juana says. â€Å"This pearl is evil. This pearl is like a wickedness. It will destruct us all! † Even though Juana warns Kino that the pearl will convey great bad lucks to the household and asks him to throw the pearl off. Kino decides non to listen or take the advice his married woman is giving because Kino’s head is already overtaken by his dreams he wishes of accomplishing with The Pearl. He is blinded by the dream of: â€Å"Juana and Coyotito and himself standing and kneeling at the high alter in the new white apparels keeping a Winchester carbine and ‘’Coyotito sitting at a small desk in a school† . It is now clear to us that he is easy get downing to go greedy and that his selfish ideas are all of a sudden get downing to command his actions and what he says. After Kino has found â€Å"the pearl of the world† . everyone is eager to have it and they all begin to get down thought of their ain dreams and what they can accomplish if they had a pearl like Kino’s. â€Å"Every adult male all of a sudden becomes related to Kino. and Kino’s pearl [ goes ] into the dreams. the schemes†¦ man’s enemy† . And so. the storyteller says. â€Å"For it is said worlds are neer satisfied. that you give them one thing and they want something more† . In the scene where people try to steal Kino’s pearl after the pearl is found. they do whatever they can perchance make in order to steal the pearl. Jealousy has grown in the bosom of these people and green-eyed monster has turned them into greedy. selfish people. But in the terminal Kino was merely seeking to assist his household. This relates to the subject of how love can give person great bravery and strength. Kino loves Juana and Coyotito and he wishes to supply them a epicurean and comfy life manner. Through Juana’s character we can see the she was chosen to be shown as an â€Å"iron lady† figure. Bing a nice married woman and the adult female behind his adult male. Juana chose to stay quiet on their long mission. She portions the joy and sorrow with Kino and Coyotito. When Kino acts offensively towards her. she softly bears the emotional and physical hurting she’s being put through. She pledges her trueness and fidelity to Kino and her boy Coyotito. Her love for Coyotito gave her bravery to suck out the venom from her boies shoulder when he was bitten by the Scorpio. When Kino is ready to put off to the ocean. Juana insists in following him because she wants to fix cataplasm. The traditional remedy made of seaweeds. Compared to Kino. her thought of household love is far safer than Kino’s thoughts of household values. But Kino’s deficiency of cognition Michigans him from being able to supply a epicurean life style for his household. This is linked to the subject of how cognition is power. Kino believed that if he could afford to give Coyotito an instruction. Coyotito would travel up in societal position and he and Juana’s lives would hold improved besides. â€Å"And my boy will do Numberss and these things will do us free because he will know-he will cognize and through him we will cognize. † Because of his simple life style and their lower societal position in life Kino felt powerless against the physician. Because of his position Kino could non oppugn the doctor’s processs or his motivations. â€Å"Kino felt the fury and hatred thaw towards fright. He did non cognize. and possibly this physician did. And he could non take the opportunity of opposing his certain ignorance against this man’s possible cognition. † Kino knew that if he had a higher societal position he wouldn’t have been manipulated. In decision there are many symbols in this novel. The symbols are shown through the usage of different subjects. The symbols help us to recognize the chief thought of this novel ; that mercenary things can alter a civilised adult male.

The Country of Haiti Review Essay Sample

The Country of Haiti Review Essay Sample The Country of Haiti Review Essay Sample The Country of Haiti Review Essay Sample Haiti Overview Haiti is located in the western part of Hispaniola Island. Two peninsulas of this country are separated by Gonave Gulf (Wordatlas, 2015).  The current work provides the general overview of Haiti and the connection between its biophysical characteristics, natural catastrophes, history, economy, politics, and international relations. This island country with the unusual flora has the developing economy. Geographical Position of Haiti This country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the North and Caribbean Sea in the South. The biggest lakes are Lake Azuei and Lake of Miragoane (Wordatlas, 2015). The main river of the country is Artibonite. The climate is humid tropical with fogs and drizzle from November till January and wet weather from February till May. Average annual rainfalls vary in different parts of the country from 140 cm in the northern peninsula to 200 cm in the southern peninsula (â€Å"The climate of Haiti†, 2006). Average winter temperatures range from 15 C to 25 C. The average summer temperatures vary from 25 C to 35 C (â€Å"The climate of Haiti†, 2006). The landscape of the country is rugged and mountainous with three major massifs: the Massif du Nord (in the northern part of the country), the Massif de la Sell (in the eastern part of the country), and the Massif de la Hott (in the western part of the country) (â€Å"Geography†, n.d.). The highest point is Pic La Stelle in the East. It elevates 8,793 ft. above the sea level (Wordatlas, 2015). One of the most notable landscape features are fluctuating elevations with various microclimates. The flora and fauna of Haiti is rather diverse. More than 4,500 flowering plants can be found in this country. One third of them are considered as endemic. Unfortunately, there is no concrete statistics concerning the fauna of Haiti because of poor records and elevations. Some species have rather small populations or live in isolated areas. Population Characteristics The population of Haiti is roughly three hundred and fifty persons for every square kilometer. However, the most densely populated regions are the urban centers, valleys and areas within the coast. The population comprises less than twenty million, and it was estimated by the UN in the year 2011 to be 10.1 million. The modern Haitians are those who descend back to the black slaves, while the rest of population is instituted by the revolt survivors. It is the law that everyone in Haiti is black regardless of his or her skin color. The minorities are comprised of those with Italians, French, Polish, Armenians Dutch, Arabs and Spanish. There are also Haitians who live abroad in the United States, Cuba, France, and Jamaica among others. Most Haitians have no access to health facilities and children do not get vaccinated. The common death causes in this country are diarrhea, respiratory infection, meningitis, and HIV/ AIDS. Ninety percent of children in the country suffer as a result of w ater-borne diseases, as well as intestinal parasites. Thirty thousand Haitians get infected with malaria every year. Water-borne diseases comprise protozoa and bacteria, typhoid fever, diarrhea, and hepatitis. It is known that at least seventy-five percent of the citizens do not get any form of running water. Hospitals have insufficient resources and personnel of healthcare. There have not been enough houses and thus living conditions are very pathetic. Nowadays, the population of Haiti is 10,480,000 people and it tends to increase only by about 1.9 % annually (â€Å"Haiti population clock†, 2015). Due to political instability, economic downfall, and numerous diseases, people prefer to leave this country. There are about 70,000 emigrants each year (â€Å"Haiti population clock†, 2015). There is no open statistics concerning immigrants because people tend to leave this country due to the stated issues. Major health issues are cholera, malnutrition, and AIDS/HIV (Moloney, 2013). Only 1.9% of Haitians have access to health insurance (Forbes, 2013) The Haitian Human Development Index (HDI) is rather low – 0.456 (United Nations Development Programme, 2013). This figure is formed by increasing life expectancy and education and decreasing Gross National Income. Demographics Demographic situation plays a huge role in the economic development of any country as a part of economically active population defines the opportunities and capacities of this state. It is rather important for the definition of country’s place in the system of the international economic relations. According to the data of UNCTAD, the population of Haiti by 2013 comprised of 9.7 million people. Annual increase of population is 1.84%, which ranks the country at the 67th place in the world. The male population composes 4.8 million people and the number of the female population is 4.9 million respectively (UNCTAD). The Worldstat Info (2015) states that in the Republic of Haiti the birth rate exceeds mortality (23.87 born per 1000 people and 8.1 dead per 1000 people respectively). However, a bigger problem in the demographics of the country is high maternal and infant mortality rates (300 dead per 100000 childbirth and 52.44 dead per 1000 born). The average age of the male population is 21.1 years in comparison to 21.6 years of the female population. The life expectancy of men is 60.8 years and women – 63.5. The density of population constitutes 350.3 people per square kilometer. Haiti is characterized with the shortage of resources because of a big population of a small country, which results in poverty, hunger and diseases. These are the reasons for a low level of average life expectancy (Worldstat Info, 2015). The number of urban population in 2010 composed 52% of the total population, whereas rural 48% respectively. The coefficient of urbanization of the population is 3.9% a year. The balance of migration based on a difference between a number of immigrants and emigrants is 6 migrants per 1000 people. The HIV-infection is the main health care problem of the Haitian nation. The level of illiteracy is 53% of the whole population, which is rather low. The population of the country is almost uniform in terms of the ethnic structure. It means it has a powerful potential. Consolidation of a society, development of education and sciences and an increase in the level of literacy of the population are necessary for the improvement of the situation in the system of international economic relations (Worldstat Info). Language and Religion The population of Haiti speaks the Haitian Creole language developed on the basis of French. The language represents a modified French lexicon of the 18th century finding the influence of the languages of the Western and Central Africa with small Arab, Spanish, Portuguese and English impregnations. The grammar is significantly simplified and spelling, as a rule, corresponds to pronunciation. The language has two dialects: Fablas and Plateau. Since 1961, the Haitian Creole is the second official language of Haiti along with French. About 80% of the population of the country are Catholics and 16% Protestants. However, up to 70% of Haitians along with Christian doctrines also practice â€Å"voodoo†, a pantheistical Afro-Christian syncretic cult. Voodoo is considered one of the directions of Catholicism. It was recognized by Vatican in 1860, but the Haitians claim that their religion is more ancient and deeper than Christianity as it absorbs the best of all religions of the past and the present. Given that Blacks were brought to Haiti from Africa, but were not local natives like in the majority of other American colonies of the European states in West Indies, led to the fact that African features prevailed in the life and culture of Haitians. Present Haitians kept the African way of life in many respects. In particular, although almost all Haitians consider themselves Catholics, the African pagan voodoo religion dominates slightly diluted with the Catholic terms and ceremonies. After the earthquake in 2010, the human values shifted toward a desire to survive and receive necessary health care. In addition, the population believes in the existence of zombie in Haiti. Government The Republic of Haiti is a presidential republic with a multi-party system. The president is the head of the state and a prime minister is the head of the government. The prime minister is appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly. The executive power belongs to the president and prime minister, whereas the legislature belongs to the government and two chambers of the National Assembly of Haiti. Modern structure of the political system is regulated by the Constitution adopted on March 29, 1987. Rene Preval is the president of Haiti. The president is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of Haiti. He conducts negotiations and concludes international agreements, publishes laws and proposes the prime minister’s candidacy. All decisions of the head of state are subjects to the approval by the National Assembly (Parliament). The president holds executive power together with the government. The National Assembly is in charge of the legislature and consists of two chambers the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. Both chambers are chosen by the universal direct ballot of citizens senators for 6 years and deputies for 4 years. The structure of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate is not constant and defined by the electoral law. The National Assembly elected in 2006 consists of 30 senators and 99 deputies. Value System The value system in Haiti is the result of the mixture of French and African cultures with a noticeable influence of Catholicism. Spiritual culture of Haiti composes the core of the value system. Under the influence of French, black women wore the French toilets and sent children to study the national culture hence inoculating the cultural and moral values to their children. Trend of the Haitian HDI This country has a rather high death rate (84 deaths per 1,000 people) and birth rate (20 per 1,000 people) (â€Å"Demographic statistics for Haiti.† n.d.). Haiti is at the third stage of demographic transaction characterized by the establishment of business connections that provide manufacturing of commodities (they serve as the labor supply regions), industrial activities, self-constructing houses, and shift of the population from rural to urban life. Economic and Resource Characteristics Haiti has the developing economy. The majority of the population works in such fields as agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining industry (extraction of bauxite, copper, marble, and calcium carbon). The country is mostly oriented on import. Haiti’s top imports are rice, pal, oil, raw sugar, and refined petroleum from such countries as the USA, China, Peru, Indonesia, and India. Haiti exports knit apparel and vetiver oil to the USA, Canada, Mexico, Vietnam, and China. The Gross Domestic Product is only $8 billion with the growth rate of 3.4% annually (Forbes, 2014). Haiti has a tremendous unemployment rate (40.6 %) (Forbes, 2014). â€Å"Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, with a per capita income of $400, in rural areas $100† (Haiti Health Ministries, 2012). This creates the background for one of the major advantages of this country, which is cheap labor force. That is why, in in the nearest future global companies will move their manufacturing faci lities to this country as it has been done by a Korean textile manufacturer called Sae-A Trading Company (Watkins, 2013). Haiti’s economy is very low in terms of GDP per capita as a result of corruption, poverty, and poor education. Haiti’s market economy and the labor costs are low. Its export access to the US market is tariff-free. Farming in small scale supports about twenty percent of the entire population. Frequent natural disasters are also a giant problem in Haiti. Inflation rate is greater than anywhere else. The fiscal sustainability is aided by the international assistance. Improvement of business has got lots of undermining by corruption and ineffective framework of the judiciary. The institutions mandated to govern are weak and limited in reconstruction since the 2010 earthquake. Public spending has faced rough times because the politics are very unstable. Those in government are abusing and misusing the public money for personal use. Major Internal Issues Nowadays, the Haitian government develops various initiatives for the improvement of the economic situation. It closely collaborates with the UN for launching the Development Program called the Laboratory for Innovation and Economic Development (IDE) Project directed at training young specialists in the field of business management who have innovative ideas and can present their own projects (United Nations Development Programme, 2015) The UN also renders support in the establishment of 39 long-term projects directed at the improvement of governance, reduction of the negative influence of disasters, and protection of the environment (United Nations Development Programme, 2015). One of the top priorities of the cooperation between the UN and the Haitian government is the raise of the capacity and human resources of public administrations in order to meet such issues as the lack of civil servants. The emphasis is made on regional ad urban planning, election process, and justice. This initiative is reflected in the performance of trainings for judges and clerks concerning registry techniques and violence. Additional attention is paid to finding a solution to such a problem as an extremely high disaster risk. Location of this country makes it very vulnerable to various disasters. The UN provides operational support in preparation for emergencies, establishment of the Haitian disaster risk management system, organization of disaster response simulation exercises, and rendition of support for the recovery of ruined objects. Low level of living, lack of means of living, and amenability to various disasters have created the background for another environment issue. Haitians have cut down almost 99% of forests because they need fuel for cooking (United Nations Development Programme, 2013). Furthermore, deforestation leads to soil erosion and disappearance of some species of flora and fauna. For the rectification of this issue, the UN provides support in the ecosystem management in the form of planting seedlings. Besides, this organization helps Haitians with management of their health issues like tuberculosis and AIDS. For the last five years, two thirds of people with tuberculosis have been cured, 1 million people have been tested on HIV, and more than 190,000 people have received the antivirus therapy (United Nations Development Programme, 2015). Special medical education programs have been established all over the country. However, at the current moment there is one more problem in Haiti. Both community and public infrastructures have suffered from a tremendous decay. Numerous roads are destroyed. Hence, there is no connection between cities. People cannot receive medications, buy products outside of their towns, or go to work in other locations. The majority of Haitians travel by bicycles, motorbikes, private cars, or on foot. Almost all Haitian roads are unmarked or unpaved. There are two major reasons for the stated problems: harsh climate and insufficient funding. Additional attention should be paid to the inobservance of traffic laws because there are no training programs or licensing for drivers. Speed limits are seldom posted and are usually ignored by drivers. The police do not have manpower to enforce them. That is why, there are numerous accidents on Haitian roads. Moreover, the situation is worsening due to the following factors: overloading of vehicles, absence of brakes on vehicles, mechanical failures, mountainous roads, and poor maintenance. Besides, Haitian drivers are quite aggressive to each other, police officers, and foreigners. Moreover, notwithstanding the fact that drunk driving in Haiti is strictly prohibited, people frequently sit down behind the wheel after drinking, especially at night. Usually, the right way of driving is not observed in this country. Hence, it is advisable to stop and check that there is no oncoming traffic eve n if the person has the right to way in order to eliminate any possibility of accident. The overall situation on Haitian roads is chaotic. Unfortunately, the government has no ability to change this situation because of the lack of adequate resources. International Role In the regional and global context, Haiti has a rather weak position. It serves as the raw materials base and the location of cheap labor force for more developed nations. The Haitian government cannot build steady relationships with governments of other countries and international organizations. Further development of the country is limited by the considerable poverty cycle, high level of income inequality, political instability, indebtedness, and political barriers to international investments. The Haitian government establishes peaceful relations with numerous countries all over the world, including the Dominican Republic (the only neighboring country), Canada, the USA, Taiwan, Chile, France, Spain, etc. It is one of the original members of the United Nations (the former League of Nations). These relationships have the aim of obtaining support from these countries and developing trade. However, compared to other developing nations, the level of living in Haiti is rather low. Hence , the country can propose only cheap labor and resources to other countries. It is also worth noting that the country controls the Windward Passage that could be easily closed for the disruption of the maritime traffic. Political instability that has been present for several centuries has a considerable negative influence on the economy and social life of people. Haitians suffer from earthquakes and natural disasters, but cannot obtain financial, medical, and technical help from other countries and international organizations because of poor governance and decay of the transportation system. People live in the constant economic downfall that creates the barrier to further economic development. Nowadays, Haiti is considered to be the country that can supply only cheap products and minerals, as well as the low-cost labor force. Hence, future development of this country is connected with the transition of manufacturing facilities of global corporations to Haiti. The History of Haiti Haiti has a rather complicated history. This island was explored by Columbus in 1492 (â€Å"Haiti’, 2015). During that century, native citizens were ruled by Spanish conquerors. In 1697, this island became the French colony and the motherland of slaves for French aristocrats. The slave rebel in 1791 led to the proclamation of the declaration of independence in 1801. During the rule of Napoleon, the slave movement was suppressed. However, in 1804 a new independent country called Haiti was formed. For several centuries, this country suffered from revolutions and shifts of power. The situation sharpened by constant disputes with Santo Domingo. However, the economic and political situation in the country was improved in the beginning of the 20th century after its occupation by American mariners and acceptance of American receivership. This brought stability into the country. Further political situation is also characterized by shifts of power, which have led to economic, health, and social crises. In the second part of the 20th century, Haiti suffered from AIDS, starvation, and cholera. These diseases have led to the collapse of the tourism industry. Additional attention should be paid to the catastrophic earthquake of January 12, 2010 (with the 7.0 magnitude) that killed thousands of people and destroyed hundreds of buildings and objects of infrastructure (â€Å"Haiti†, 2015). The situation has been worsened by endemic poverty and cholera. Various countries and international organizations have tried to render financial and medical assistance to Haiti. However, due to political instability, people have not received this help till recently: â€Å"hundreds of thousands were still living in tent camps while tens of thousands were staying in buildings badly damaged during the earthquake† (â€Å"Haiti†, 2015). Haiti occupies the western third of the Haiti Island in the group of the Big Antilles. The other part of the island belongs to the Dominican Republic. The history of Haiti has been surreal and bloody since its discovery by Christopher Columbus on December 6, 1492. Indians that were occupying the island called it Haiti, which means â€Å"mountainous†. When in 1493 he returned to Espanola, Columbus found out that all garrison was killed by Indians in revenge for a bad treatment. Historical and Settlement Characteristics The brother of the admiral Columbus, Bartolomà ©, continued the discovery further and colonized the island. Spaniards, who declared the whole island to be their possession, colonized mainly its eastern areas. In 1625, English and French pirates came to the island, turned it into a base and increased a number of raids against Spaniards. In 1697, Spain conceded the western third of the island, called San Domingo, to France. During the 18th century, San Domingo turned into one of the richest French colonies. Sugar crane, indigo, coffee, cocoa and cotton were grown on the plantations. By the end of the 18th century, the population of a colony totaled 42 thousands of white people, 50 thousands of free mulattos and the Blacks who had property but were limited in rights, and 452 thousands of Black slaves (UNCTAD). In 1789, the revolution burst out in France, which was directly reflected in the Haitian history. The armed struggle between the royalists and republicans has led to a creation of a colony. Conflicts among the white led to the strengthening of mulattos who started the revolt and demanded the same rights with Europeans. At last, in 1791 a grandiose revolt of Black slaves burst out. On January 1, 1804, the general Dessalines declared the independence of the Haiti state. The history of Haitians can still evoke sympathies. Due to the first in the history victorious revolt of slaves, Haiti became the first independent Latin American country and the first state of Blacks (UNCTAD). In the beginning of the 20th century, there were many revolutions. The governments changed fast and the agriculture was in a full decline as there were almost no industries. In 1915, USA arranged an intervention in Haiti, having occupied the country without any resistance. Haiti stayed under American occupation until 1934. Americans created telecommunications and constructed a number of secondary educational institutions in Haiti. Tyrannical dictatorship of a notorious Francois Duvalier has prevailed for 23 years in Haiti. Haiti the Less Developed Country Haiti is the oldest republic of the Afro-American people in the world and the second independent state (after the USA) in North America. It is also the first country in the world where black people won in 1804. Considered the descendants of slaves, they compose the majority of inhabitants of Haiti, namely 90% (Worldstat Info). Once being one of the richest and highly productive colonies in the world and a pearl of France, at present Haiti is the poorest state in the Western hemisphere and in the world. Given essay will provide a brief overview of the country’s history, demographics, language, religion, government, value system, business practices and attitudes toward foreign investments as well as consumer behavior and marketing mix of Haiti. Haiti, a full official name the Republic of Haiti, is the state in the western part of the Haiti Island. The eastern half of the island is occupied by the Dominican Republic. The city Port-au-Prince is the capital of Haiti. The population of the country is 10,033000 million people. The Republic of Haiti also includes the coastal islands of Tortue and Gonav. In the north, it is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and in the south by the Caribbean Sea. Haiti is the third biggest country in the Caribbean Sea after Cuba and Dominican Republic (UNCTAD). Similar to other developing states and regions, Haiti has many factors obscuring its economic development, as well as general development in the country. Haiti has a very impressing history, being the second country to gain independence and the first black republic. The good history is going down the drain with overwhelming issuing marring the day-to-day life in Haiti. Political and civil unrest, as well as the lack of proper governance, has been a great hindrance to the development of Haiti. After gaining freedom from a dictatorial regime, Haiti is struggling to gain political stability, as well as to establish the rule of law. Weak exercise of the rule of law and poor government is the key factor, affecting the use of public resources. With an uncertain political climate, Haiti experiences low investments with government screening undermining investment in other regions. Just like any other developing nation, Haiti goes through political and civil unrest. Historically, Haiti helped its neighbors in their fight for independence, but the current fight in Haiti is hard to be resolved by the international community. The US tried to assist in removing the dictatorial president from power, but the great support that he had made things very complex (Hallward, 2007). Haiti has great potential, which can be unraveled for the advantage of its economy. Emigration from Haiti to the United States is considerably high as people seek for better opportunities. Haiti has rich natural resources, which are close to depletion as a result of neglect. The forest cover in Haiti is less than 10 percent of the entire country’s land. In comparison with Dominican Republic, Haiti is far much bare than the latter. The ecosystem of Haiti is adversely affected by human activities of farming and poor mining practices. The coastline is still tampered with since fishing in Haiti has not been expanded or modernized. There are few parks (the La Visite National Park and Pic Macaya National Park), in which animals are fed by people. Mostly, animals live in the forest, which is quite small and sparsely populated (Smartt, 2008). After its exploration by Columbus, Haiti came under the Spanish rule in 1492 and later became a colony of France in 1697 leading in the sugarcane production by slaves. Haiti gained independence in 1801 after a serious revolt considered the largest in the world history. Haiti is the worst country when it comes to poverty in the Western Hemisphere. This is because of the black inferiority, slavery heritage, and racism among others. Ninety percent of Haitians are descended from slaves. The story of Haiti withstanding and resisting every effort made by outside invaders in the name of colonists was a surprise. The blacks were able to defeat and gain a victory over French soldiers. However, after the defeat, the French demanded compensation for the plantations taken away from their people in Haiti. It cost the Haiti thirty percent of the national budget. Haiti’s birth was violent. Democracy was fragile. The problems of the country were internal. Some leaders wanted to rule for life. There were divisions that created chaos. Brutality moved on for centuries. Terror spread beyond the limits killing innocent mortals. Beginning from 1915, the United States occupied the waters of Haiti. The aim was to eliminate the constitution that was forbidding foreign ownership of land and solidify American economy control. American officials made a declaration that the government of Haiti needed reforms as it was in bad shape. The Americans started another fight amongst themselves. The war came to an end, and schools, clinics, and roads were left for the Haitians. Nevertheless, Haiti was so badly hurt that the wound remains in memory till today. The problems that Haitians have cannot be solved externally. The real freedom has to flow from the citizens themselves. Doing Business in Haiti is hectic because the procedures required are lengthy and slow. A business can be opened after 204 days (Hallward, 2007). Criminal dealings have heightened in Haiti. The police and political elites are in cooperation with criminals to do drug trade. The Haitians survive with the subsistence economy. There is export of fishing, agriculture, and forestry. Hills have hindered agriculture in the rural area since they have sheltered much of the terrestrial of Haiti. Coffee, mangoes, and cocoa yield big profits. Ferocious rivalry in the global market has seen deterioration in sugarcane production. Timber production declined because woodlands have vividly dispersed. The fish breeding brings almost five thousand tons per year. Minerals comprise calcium carbonate, copper, gold, and marble. Industries produce detergents, flour, edible oils, butter, and cement. The major issues in Haiti have brought about suffering to both the economy and the citizens. Conflict has existed since independence. There are constant disagreements between the government, the citizens and the outside nations, especially the US. The economy also experiences conflicts. The exports are low and of poor quality. Land is occupied by mountains, and the government is doing nothing to aid the citizens. The governments are always creating chaos. They do not work on the things that help the mortals. The major concern of the citizens has been from public spending to drug trafficking by government officials and police. Governance is poor with corruption levels beyond limits (Farmer, Kozol, 2006). Opening a business, which is meant to be a simple task, takes ages so that those who bribe get through faster. The police are not protecting people, but rather working in corruption zones. There are not enough hospitals, and the available ones have no facilities. Medical professional s are insufficient, poorly trained, and low compensation demotivates them. Children never get vaccinated. Most of them die because of diseases that the government could prevent. The citizens never access clean water for drinking. Separatism is in existence. Some citizens support the overthrown governments. There is no unity as the nation is divided into groups of persons with similar interests, such as drug cartels, and politicians with those supporting them. The environment is in crisis. Deforestation is happening in Haiti with forests declining (CIA, 2014). Earthquakes are destroying humanity and resources. Poor housing has led to poor living conditions. There are no toilets for both public and private use leading to the diseases like diarrhea. Over the years Haiti has had good international relations. With the onset of a dictatorial rule, the United States tried to offer help to liberate the country from the dictatorial rule. With that aid, Haiti got rid of the dictator. They conducted presidential elections on 2012 December, which were marred by irregularities. The dictatorial president accused the US of forcing him out of power, but the Americans dismissed the accusations (Fry, 2007). The international community in conjunction with the Haitian authorities denied the dictator entry to Haiti regardless of his passports. In 2004, American Forces were keeping peace and order in the Haitian town Port-au-Prince. One of Port-au-Prince’s streets was declared by the UN as the most dangerous in the world (Koplow, 2004). There had to be a rerun of the elections in 2013. In the history of Haiti, it offered financial aid to its neighbors to help fight the colonialists in return of the slavery eradication. In addition to the he lp of the World Bank and the IMF, other developed countries have also extended their financial aid to Haiti for years. When Haiti could not pay off the debt, they were wavered in 2005. The international community has made efforts in assisting Haiti to maintain stability, which does not seem to be bearing fruits. All the same, as many developing countries take to respond to international efforts, Haiti may also respond sooner or later to these efforts. Apparently, Haiti performs poorly economically, ranks low in life expectancy as well as in education. The international community has made efforts to improve the infrastructure of Haiti with little or no success. The greatest menace of Haiti’s development is corruption. The aid that the international community, the IMF and the World Bank direct to Haiti for the development of infrastructure goes to personal accounts. Poor governance, weak execution of the rule of law, and weak judiciary have made it impossible to apprehend corrupters in the country. Corruption is also a reason behind poor policies in the country, which mar investment and business operation. Being an agricultural economy, Haiti has a long way to go to see the development. There is a dire need for political upgrading to ensure proper policies are in place for development. A stable political climate is necessary for the civil unrest to come to an end. Even though the post-development ideology has worked for many developing countries, Haiti needs to reconsider its approach to the same. The key need in Haiti for the country to achieve development is political stability. With political stability, development policies will be in place, peace will be achieved, civil unrest will come to an end, and regional relations will be extended. With those achievements, Haiti will be in the way to development. The Republic of Haiti occupies the western part of Hispaniola Island. The previous and current economic and political events are closely connected with the country’s biophysical overview and history. In this work, additional emphasis will be made on international relations with various countries and organizations. The current essay will show a close interrelation between biophysical and demographic factors, history, economy, and politics of Haiti. Business Practices and Foreign Investments International movement of the capital has an essential impact on Haiti in terms of international economic relations as it erases the borders between the national farms of various countries. A special value of this purpose belongs to the development of foreign direct investments (FDIs), which lead to the formation of multinational corporations. Haiti participates in the international movement of the capital mainly as the country-recipient of the international economic aid. UN and its dedicated organizations including non-governmental organizations, private companies and the country’s government provide economic support to Haiti. A destructive earthquake that happened on January 12, 2010 became a huge tragedy for the country. As a result, 220 thousands of people including 102 UN employees died, thousands were wounded or remained disabled and 1.5 million people became homeless. The earthquake caused a serious damage to the insufficiently steady economy and weak infrastructure of Haiti and slowed down the promotion of the country on the way of national formation. Many countries rendered humanitarian and financial aid to the country. However, governmental support was not enough for the country. For the rescue of Haiti, it is necessary to change its economic model. At present, robbery and theft are among the most spread practices in Haiti (World Economic Forum). The republic of Haiti is open for foreign investments. The government of Haiti achieved a certain progress in recent years, having improved the legislative base concerning export, import and foreign investments from other states. Since 2004, the government of Haiti with the assistance of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) executes monetary, fiscal and currency policies directed at the creation of stable macroeconomic environment and favorable investment climate of the country. These policies include a reduction of the interest rates for the purpose of simplification of the access to credits and establishment of a stable exchange rate. In June 2009, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund wrote off a debt of Haiti in the sum of $1.2 billion, having recognized a relative macroeconomic stability of Haiti and observance of the conditions of the IMF program (IMF). In Haiti, there is the Center for Investment Facilitation (CFI) created in 2007. The activity of CFI includes the optimization of investment process due to the simplification of the procedures connected with trade and investments, and also the attraction of investments into the most priority sectors of the economy. Investors in Haiti have the right to run business as individual entrepreneurs, owners of the limited liability, joint stock (corporation) or branch of the foreign company and cooperative. Corporations are the most commonly used form of a business entity in Haiti. Foreign investors are allowed to own 100% of the company or a subsidiary (World Economic Forum; Caribbean Export). Foreigners can create joint ventures on the territory of Haiti. The right of distribution of shares is reserved by the owners of the joint venture. However, the sales and purchases of shares of a company are regulated by the state. Nevertheless, business people can freely dispose own property and assets of the enterprise according to the laws of the Republic of Haiti. The main sectors of economy attractive for foreign investors include the agriculture, mining and power industry. Besides, the food manufacturing industry is the priority sector for investment. Such advantage as the existence of fields of copper, lignite (brown coal), manganese and a large-scale deposit of bauxites became the subject of interest to investors from more developed countries aimed at the exploration, production and processing of minerals (World Economic Forum). In addition, the geographical location of the country with an access to the sea, which allows to develop trade and economic relations with other states, has a special value. For the evident representation of the dynamics of the direct foreign investments received by the Republic of Haiti, the statistical data of the UNCTAD is presented in the Table 1. (UNCTAD). Since 2000, the inflow of FDIs into the economy of Haiti changed has been changing gradually. However, the tendency of its increase is observed in the dynamics. The years 2006, 2010 and 2011 were especially favorable in terms of foreign investments, which ended with $160 million, $150 million and $181 million correspondingly. However, the world financial crisis had an impact on the inflow of investments. Only in 2010, the stream of FDIs reached $150 million. In 2014, FDIs composed $230 million (UNCTAD, 2015). Based on Haitian vision of a developed country by 2030, the economic strategy is designed to facilitate the emergence of a strong, diversified, dynamic, competitive, open and inclusive economy extending over a broad territorial base. Two major options should mark the economic path including strong growth and enhanced attractiveness of the economy in a situation that is rebalanced from a social, environmental and spatial standpoint (IMF). Thus, Haiti is the country that regularly receives economic help from the international organizations for the restoration and development of its economy. Besides, many world countries invest into the economy of Haiti, namely into its most favorable branches. Nevertheless, the dependence of Haiti on the foreign help is great since its support covers about a third of the public expenditures. Certainly, all this affects an economic situation in the country. In relation to other countries, the national debt promptly increases as well as the influence of these countries on the Republic of Haiti. Consumer Behavior and Marketing Mix Majority of foreigners perceive Haiti as a concentration of poverty, dictatorship, AIDS and mystical ceremonies of Voodoo. Governmental policy aimed at the attraction of investments and tourists was based not only on the climatic advantages of the area, but also on the energetic power of the mystic place. Negative features of Haiti were veiled under the image of mystery resulting in the increased flows of tourists into the country (World Economic Forum). The volume and structure of consumer behavior directly characterize the standards of living of the Haitian population. Consumer behavior of the Haitian population considerably changed following social losses, which escalated due to the increase of uneven income distribution, strengthening of differentiation, growing scales of poverty and deepening of social injustice in the society. If Haiti aims at the sustainable development and investments, it should receive necessary resources at the global economic level. It means that the country should represent itself as a platform for a start and implementation of the most perspective world’s projects. Haiti should become a country attractive for investments, moving, living and running a business (UNCTAD). The marketing of Haiti includes activities undertaken for the purpose of creation, maintenance or change of the relations or consumer behavior of social communities concerning the definite territory or resources natural, technical, financial and labor. Application of the territorial marketing in Haiti can help educate and increase patriotism of the local population, make it attractive for tourists, businessmen and investors as well as develop and promote the country. Moreover, it concerns not only the country in general, but its particular regions, municipalities, cities and settlements (World Economic Forum). Marketing mix represents a set of practical measures influencing the market or the adaptation of country’s activities to a situation in the market, and also timely and flexible response to its changes. In recent years, practically all Haitian industries have experienced a decrease in production caused by unstable financial position of the country, lack of own current assets, insufficient investments to the country, etc. The marketing mix of Haiti is represented by various factors, the combination of which allows solving economic issues. All elements of the marketing mix should be developed on a strategic level for the long-term planning of the investment programs in the country. To sum up, the Republic of Haiti is the poorest state in the western hemisphere and one of the poorest countries in the world. The GDP of the country is less than $5,000 per capita. More than 80% of the population is below the poverty level. Money transfers from emigrants and increasing volumes of investments represent the main source of income in Haiti. The country has the deposits of gold, bauxites and copper, which are strongly underdeveloped. The main industries include sugar, flour-grinding and textile manufacturing. For the promotion of Haiti on the financial market, it is necessary to develop a favorable investment climate in the country. Government should apply a differentiated policy approach toward each investment project. Such marketing policy orientation will allow considering the definite requirements of investors for the potential project activity leading to a considerable increase of country’s competitiveness.